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Taxonomic and Community Classification Resources and Standards

Taxonomic and Community Classification Resources and Standards. Robert K. Peet University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Resources for plant names.

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Taxonomic and Community Classification Resources and Standards

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  1. Taxonomic and Community Classification Resources and Standards Robert K. Peet University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

  2. Resources for plant names Beware of dangerously obsolete standardsA.E. Radford, C.R.Bell. H.Ahles. 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. J.K. Small. 1933. Manual of the southeastern flora.

  3. Why we need to use new floras and new resources • New names • New taxon concepts (lumps & splits) • New discoveries • Taxa new to science • New collections & overlooked collections • New data sources (Plots, Heritage lists) • New determinations

  4. Resources for plant names Our preferred standard! Alan S.Weakley. 2006 (or subsequent eds). Flora of the Carolinas,Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas. http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm

  5. Resources for plant names Other modern standards: USDA Plants databasehttp://plants.usda.gov/ Flora of North America http://hua.huh.harvard.edu/FNA/

  6. Species concepts & data • Data integration requires unambiguous identification of organisms. • Taxonomic names are ambiguous. • Taxonomic concepts should be represented by a name and a reference. • Single largest impediment to large-scale synthesis in ecology is the failure to document taxonomic concepts.

  7. Three concepts of subalpine fir Splitting one species into two illustrates the ambiguity often associated with scientific names. Abies bifolia Abies lasiocarpa Abies lasiocarpa sec. Little sec. USDA PLANTS sec. Flora North America

  8. What are the fir trees of the West? USDA Plants & ITIS Abies lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa var. arizonica

  9. What is Abies lasiocarpa? Flora North America Abies lasiocarpa Abies bifolia Partnership with USDA plants to provide plant concepts for data integration

  10. High-elevation fir trees of western North America AZ NM CO WY MT AB eBC wBC WA OR Distribution Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica Abies lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa USDA - ITIS Abies lasiocarpa Abies bifolia Flora North America A B C Minimal concepts

  11. Which species occur with Andropogon glomeratus? • Record data • Find data • Merge data

  12. Taxonomic headaches The Andropogon virginicus complex in Carolina has between 1 and 9 taxa, with 17 different concepts variously applied by 8 important authors.

  13. The challenge: • Few large-scale compilations of concepts and their relationships are available. • The good news: • Multiple organizations are developing tools for concept use and integration. • The greatest progress has been made here in the Southeast

  14. Toward a new Atlas http://herbarium.unc.edu/seflora/firstviewer.htm How to integrate new sources of data?? Carya carolinae-septentrionalis, Radford et al. 1968

  15. Add dynamic access to NCU collection NCU RAB Carya carolinae-septentrionalis

  16. Add USDA PLANTS records & CVS vegetation plot data NCU RAB USDA CVS Carya carolinae-septentrionalis

  17. But wait !!There is a concept issue • According to Radford 1968, USDA PLANTS v 4.0, & Weakley 2006 • Carya carolinae-septentrionalis • Carya ovata • According to Stone 1997 in Flora of North America. • Carya ovatavaraustralis • Carya ovata var. ovata

  18. Some nominal occurrences might or might not represent the taxon Carya carolinae-septentrionalis

  19. Community types with the concept

  20. Resources for community composition • Carolina Vegetation Survey website http://cvs.bio.unc.edu/ • Mike Schafale & Alan Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. http://www.ncnhp.org/Images/Other%20Publications/class.pdf • U.S. National Vegetation Classification (NVC; see below)

  21. T NatureServe Explorer – current home of the NVC

  22. T Community descriptions with links to VegBank

  23. www.vegbank.org

  24. Links Carolina Vegetation Survey http://cvs.unc.edu Weakley flora http://herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm NCU Atlas of the SE flora http://herbarium.unc.edu/seflora/firstviewer.htm Thanks EEP, NSF (SEEK, VegBank), NC Bot. Garden

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