1 / 81

The Cell Cycle

The Cell Cycle. What is the molecule that carries chemical energy throughout the cell? ATP. What does ATP stand for? Adenisine triphosphate. What is the molecule that results from the loss of a phosphate group in ATP? ADP. What does ADP stand for? Adenisine diphosphate.

kina
Download Presentation

The Cell Cycle

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Cell Cycle

  2. What is the molecule that carries chemical energy throughout the cell? • ATP

  3. What does ATP stand for? • Adenisinetriphosphate

  4. What is the molecule that results from the loss of a phosphate group in ATP? • ADP

  5. What does ADP stand for? • Adenisinediphosphate

  6. Which produces the most ATP when it is broken down? Carbs, lipids, or proteins? • Lipids

  7. What is the name of the process that organisms use to produce energy other than photosynthesis? • Chemosynthesis

  8. Name of the process through which energy from sunlight is captured and used to make sugars that store chemical energy is ______________ • Photosynthesis

  9. A molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some the energy in visible light is called ______________ • Chlorophyll

  10. What are the main two types of chlorophyll in plants? • Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

  11. What are the two main parts of chloroplasts needed for photosynthesis? • Grana and stroma

  12. What makes up the grana? • thylakoids

  13. This type of reaction captures energy from sunlight • Light-dependent

  14. This type of reaction uses energy from light-dependent reactions • Light-independent

  15. The ____ ________ is the regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells. • Cell cycle

  16. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle? • Gap 1, Synthesis, Gap 2, and Mitosis

  17. What happens in a cell during the Gap I stage of the cell cycle? • The cell carries out its normal functions. It increases in size and increases in the number of organelles.

  18. The combining of parts to make a whole is called ___________ • synthesis

  19. What happens during Gap 2 in the cell cycle? • It is a stage of additional growth before actual cell division occurs.

  20. What are the two processes of mitosis? • Mitosis and cytokinesis

  21. The division of the nucleus and its contents. • mitosis

  22. In what stage of the cell cycle does the nuclear membrane dissolve? • Mitosis

  23. The process in the cell cycle that divides the cytoplasm. • Cytokinesis

  24. Why do prokaryotic cells divide faster than eukaryotic cells? • Prokaryotic cells do not have the membrane bound organelles that the eukaryotic cells have. Fewer steps in the division process.

  25. Cells that rarely divide are in what stage of the cell cycle? • G₀

  26. What sets the upper limit to cell size? • The ratio of cell surface area to volume.

  27. DNA is a double stranded molecule made of four different subunits called ___________. • nucleotides

  28. One long continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes. • chromosome

  29. How many chromosomes do human body cells have? • 46

  30. The protein that helps to condense DNA. • histone

  31. In the G1 stage, cells increase in _______, _______, and _________. • Size, organelles, number

  32. The ______ at which cells divide is linked to your body’s need for those cells. • rate

  33. If cells were too small, what could they not contain? • Organelles and large molecules

  34. If a cell did not double its size before dividing, what can be said of the daughter cells? • They would be smaller

  35. One half of a duplicated chromosome is called a _______. • chromatid

  36. Two identical chromatids are called ____________. • Sister chromatids

  37. Sister chromatids are held together at the __________. • centromere

  38. The ends of DNA molecules form structures called ________. • telomeres

  39. Repeating nucleotides that do not form genes. They prevent the ends of chromosomes from accidentally attaching to each other. • telomeres

  40. What are the four main phases of mitosis? • Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

  41. Describe what happens during prophase. • The DNA condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down, centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and spindle fibers form.

  42. In what stage of mitosis does cytokinesis usually begin? • At the end of anaphase or beginning of telophase

  43. In what stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align themselves along the cell equator? • metaphase

  44. In what stage of mitosis does the nuclear membrane start to reform? • telophase

  45. The stage of the cell cycle after the completion of mitosis where the cytoplasm divides. • cytokinesis

  46. How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells? • In an animal cell the cell membrane forms a trench and pinches closed. In a plant cell the membrane cannot pinch inward because of the cell wall. A cell plate forms instead.

  47. What is the difference between single celled and multicellular organisms and their use of mitosis? • Single celled organisms use mitosis for reproduction and replication while multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth and repair.

  48. In what stage of mitosis do sister chromatids separate? • anaphase

  49. A broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division. • Growth factors

  50. ________ store a type of growth factor that helps the body repair wounds. • platelets

More Related