Product Stewardship in action: modern hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents

1. Product Stewardship in action: modern hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents Nigel J. Sarginson Chair, American Solvents Council Chemcon, Singapore October 29th, 2003

2. Presentation • American Solvents Council • Benefits of solvents • Health and environmental issues • Product Stewardship initiatives • The future

3. American Solvents Council - part of the American Chemistry Council Acetone Panel Ethylene and Propylene Glycol Ethers Panel Ethylene Glycol Panel Hydrocarbon Solvents Panel Isopropanol Panel Ketones Panel Oxo Process Panel Toluene/Xylene Panel American Solvents Council International Associations CEFIC (ESIG), JCIA End-User Associations (NPCA, NACD, CSPA, etc.) Task Groups Education/ Communication Atmospheric Reactivity Applied Exposure Assessment

4. AMERICAN SOLVENTS COUNCIL Role: • To promote the safe and environmentally responsible use of hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents • To address environmental, health, and safety issues involving hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents, • Work closely with regulators, customers, distributors, and end users. • Council Members: • Dow Chemical Company • ExxonMobil Chemical Company • Shell Chemicals LP • Eastman Chemical Company • Lyondell Chemical Company • CITGO Petroleum Corporation • Sasol North America LLC

5. Modern hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents - bringing benefits to many applications

6. Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

7. 50 km Sun Light Ozone mixing Stratosphere 10-16 km Troposphere Ozone 0 km SUNLIGHT UV: l 200-330 nm UV: l > 330 nm: penetration to Earth’s surface NO2 + O2 NO + O3+other photochemical reactants VOC + O2 Sea level

8. VOC and Ozone air quality - US regulations and industry response • Clean Air Act • Priority pollutants - NO2, SO2, Ozone, PM, CO, Pb • Ozone reduction • VOC exemptions based on negligible reactivity • VOC/NOx emission control for industrial operations • Fuel and engine changes for transportation • Concentration limits for open applications - paints and coatings, consumer products • Low Vapour Pressure exemptions for consumer products • Revised VOC policy with greater role for reactivity under consideration • Reactivity • US research has shown can be effective in reducing ozone in urban environments • Development of low reactivity products by industry

9. Reactivity can be expressed as Maximum Incremental Reactivity … the amount of grams of ozone formed per gram of VOC.....one hour peak ozone concentration formed during a day Here are some examples ranked by MIR value: ethene 7.4 o-xylene 6.5 methanol 0.56 ethane 0.25 methane 0.015

10. Europe - Legislation It Auto Oil 1 & 2 IPPC UK F Air Quality Framework Nl D Solvent Emissions Directive Large Combustion Plants

11. Solvent Emissions Directive - key aspects • Adopted on March 11, 1999 - 2 year transposition into Member State Law • Affects industrial users • Allows flexibility in emission reduction • 67% emission reduction by 2007 (versus 1990) • A significant but manageable challenge for the solvents industry

12. Proposed Decorative Coatings Legislation • Draft legislation currently passing through European Parliament and Council • Concentration limits for solvent based and waterbased paints by key paint categories • Limits to be introduced in 2007 and 2010 • Benefits to improved ozone air quality questionable - proposed that Commission report on benefits • Allows continued use of solvent based coatings for exterior and trim applications • Clean Air For Europe - review of existing legislation • Very ambitious ozone air quality standard of 60 ppb for 8 hours • European Solvent Industry Group working with regulators and customers

13. Health effects - proactive replacement of harmful products Harmful Product Replacement product Application n-hexane Low n-hexane products Adhesives Neurotoxic Isohexane Aromatic White Spirit Dearomatized and Paints and Irritant vapours isoparaffinic products Coatings Toxic to fish Toluene Dearomatized solvents Adhesives Irritant/neurotoxic MnBK MEK/MIBK Paints and Neurotoxic Coatings

14. commitment to Product Stewardshipwww.americansolventscouncil.orgwww.esig.org

15. Product Stewardship Initiatives - ASC and ESIG • Safe handling and regulatory information • Cutting through the maze (of US regulations) • Best Practice Guides - Managing Solvent Exposure/Flammability • Occupational Exposure Limits • Air Change Index • Exposure modelling • Solvents Do’s and Don’ts • Voluntary restrictions on sales of four glycol ethers (from large family of safe products • Life Cycle Assessment Studies • Humber Bridge • Car Coatings • Ozone Air Quality Studies • VOC Abatement Advisor for emission reduction • Opinion Former Surveys - Regulators, Customers, Trade Associations

16. Thinking about the risks and the benefits you associate with solvents, do you think that the the risks of using solvents outweigh the benefits, or that the benefits of solvents outweigh the risks? Benefits Outweigh Risks Risks Outweigh Benefits Don't Know Total 73 14 13 Customer 76 14 10 Distributor 83 13 4 Regulator 35 26 39 Trade Association 89 6 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 RISKS AND BENEFITS OF SOLVENTS

17. Solvents - protecting the world’s heritage • Since 1889 - completely repainted 17 times • Each repainting - 50 tonnes of paint • 25 strong team - 12 months • Six million tourists - non-drip paint • Solvent based paints - quick drying, • non-drip, compatible and optimum • protection

18. Hydrocarbon and Oxygenated Solvents Hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents - Solutions for the future - Solvents Make it Happen! • Versatile performance benefits in a range • of applications • Modern solvents products - safe and environmentally • acceptable • Industry committed to Responsible Care and Product • Stewardship