The Colonies

1. The Colonies Remember, some people in England moved to the new American colony. This was a new place. The English king controlled the American colonies.

2. The Colonies How many colonies are there? Where is South Carolina? These are the 13 colonies.

3. The colonies are divided into 3 regions, or areas. The Colonies Northern or New England Colonies (red) Middle Colonies (orange) Southern Colonies (green)

4. The Northern Colonies Another name for the Northern Colonies is New England. There are 4 Northern Colonies. Can you name them? Massachusetts and Maine New Hampshire Connecticut Rhode Island

5. The Northern Colonies Economy How did the Northern Colonies make money? 1. farming 2. shipbuilding 3. fishing

6. The Northern Colonies Other people bought the food from the plants and animals. Farming New England farms grew different plants. They also raised farm animals, too. Some food was shipped back to England. The food was sold in Europe.

7. The Northern Colonies Fishing Most of the Northern colonies were on the sea coast. Fishing became very popular. What food did people get from the ocean? different kinds of fish crabs lobster clams

8. The Northern Colonies Colonists needed ships to go fishing and whaling . Colonists need ships for traveling. Shipbuilding Why did colonists need ships? What were colonial ships made from? Ships were made from wood and iron.

9. The Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware There are 4 Middle Colonies. Can you name them?

10. The Middle Colonies Economy How did the Middle Colonies make money? 1. farming 2. iron working

11. The Middle Colonies Farming What crops (plants) did the Middle Colonies grow? wheat and rye corn These were the most important crops! vegetables

12. The Middle Colonies Iron Working What is iron working? Iron working is making tools and other items with iron. What things in the colonies were made from iron? cooking utensils candle holders pots lanterns nails tools

13. The Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia There are 5 Southern Colonies. Can you name them?

14. The Southern Colonies Economy How did the Southern Colonies make money? plantations (large farms)

15. The Southern Colonies What kind of crops were grown on southern plantations? Economy What is a plantation? A plantation is a very large farm. One kind of crop was grown the plantation. rice cotton

16. Tobacco Indigo

17. The Southern Colonies rice tobacco cotton Economy What were the crops used for? fabric clothes thread

18. Indigo The indigo plant is used to make a dark blue dye. The dye is used to color clothing.

19. The Southern Colonies Plantations Plantations were huge farms. Who worked on the plantation? Who took care of the crops? slaves

20. The Southern Colonies Slaves and Plantations Slaves were people from Africa. Europeans sailed to Africa, captured many African people, and brought them to America. Slaves were not free. They had to stay on the plantation. They had to work. Slaves did not earn money. They were punished if they misbehaved, did not work, or ran away.

21. Plantations and Small Farms • Plantations: • Huge • Near tidewater, river or stream • Like a small village • Planter’s house was surrounded by horse stables, workshops gardens, fields and workers’ houses. • Grew cash crops • Many slaves • Children were educated by teachers who taught reading, writing, dancing and music • Boys – spent their free time outdoors, learning to ride horses and hunt • Girls learned how to sew and sing.

22. Plantations and Small Farms • Small Farms • More common than big plantations • Most located in backcountry away from the tidewater. • Workers were family members. Sometimes they had one or two slaves or servants. • Grew their own food and sometimes small amounts of a cash crop like tobacco. • Families lived far from schools. Children learned to read and write only if parents could teach them. • Boys and girls worked on the farm from an early age. They learned skills such as plowing, hunting, sewing and cooking.