Thin film growth and Applications “The Art of Laying Apples ”

1. Thin film growth and Applications “The Art of Laying Apples” David Mortimer Physics Teacher San Felipe Del Rio CISD

2. Dr. Haiyan Wang • Education and appointments: • B.S. and M.S. in Materials Science and Engineering in China • Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering, 2002, North Carolina State University (Raleigh, NC) • Postdoc (03-04) and Staff Member (05) at Los Alamos National Laboratory • Assistant Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Jan. 2006) • Staff Member at Los Alamos National Lab (summer 2006) Assistant Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University

3. Dr. Haiyan Wang • Honors • ONR Young Investigator Program Award, ONR-YIP 2008. • Air Force Young Investigator Research Program Award, AFOSR-YIP, 2007. • Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship, AFOSR, 2007 and 2008. • TMS Young Leader representing the Electronic, Magnetic and Photonic Materials Division. (Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2005) • Lab Director Funded Postdoctoral Fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory (2002-2004). • Materials Research Society Graduate Student Award ( Fall 01, Boston) • Patents 8 patents in the areas of thin film architecture and high temperature superconductors • Selected journal publications (105 journal articles and 70 conference proceedings and presentations by January 2008) Assistant Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University

4. Our GroupDr. Wang, Crystal Woods, David Mortimer

5. Research areas 1. Nanostructured nitride and oxide thin film heterostructures for microelectronics, optoelectronics, magnetic and structural applications 2. Coated superconductor materials scale-up and architectures; Flux-pinning mechanisms of nanoparticles and defects in high temperature superconductors 3. Microstructural characterizations with transmission electron microscopy(TEM), high resolution TEM, Scanning transmission electron microscopy

6. The Dream Team Joon Hwan Lee Optical , transparency, transmittance South Korea Harrison Tsai same as Joyce Ick Chan Kim Prop. Of film through thickness change South Korea Sunmee Cho, South Korea Jong Sik Yoon Functional Oxide Thin Films South Korea Zhenxing Bi Deposition Patterns China Jie (Joyce) Wang High Temperature Super Conductor Roy Araujo : Functional Nitride Thin Films Peru

7. The GoalExploit Physical Properties To find the optimal parameters which will allow for the growth/adhesion onto different substrates to meet industrial needs on a scale of nanometers or atomic scale in an economical and environmentally safe process. A similar, but somewhat different concept would be to change the atomic structure of some materials to meet a specific industrial need.

8. What can Thin Films and Coatings do for us? Thin Film is a thin layer of coating on a substrate or template. It serves one or multiple physical purposes including protection, decoration, conducting, reflection, data storage, insulation, etc. Examples • Colorful coatings on cars, golden watches • Corrosion resistive coatings and super hard coatings (petroleum industry, chemical factories, etc.) • Semiconductor industry (Pentium processors, microchips, memories, iPod, etc.).

9. Real World Examples of Thin film growth (On a larger than nanometer scale) • Dust on a car • Fog on a window • Snowfall • Fertilizing a yard These would actually be called thick film because their size is greater than one micrometer.

10. Problems with the application of the previous examples • Dust on a car • Fog on a window • Snowfall • Fertilizer • It Rains or someone writes “Wash Me” • Inconsistent surface or it begins to form water droplets and drip • Air pollution as it falls contaminates or it doesn’t stick • Inconsistent application

11. How big is a nanometer? • A nanometer is a unit of measure. Just like inches, feet and miles. By definition a nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. A meter is about 39 inches long. A billion is a thousand times bigger than a million, as a number you write it out as 1,000,000,000.

12. What is a nanometer website • http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm

13. Tentative plan for your summer research • Session 1-2: presentations on our lab research, thin film introduction, simple growth model, and vacuum science (given by Dr. Wang) • Session 3-7: lab work on assembling a simple vacuum system for thin film deposition (assisted by graduate students, Jongsik Yoon, Zhenxing Bi and Ickchan Kim)

14. Tentative plan for your summer research, cont. • Session 8-11: thin film deposition using pulsed laser deposition and the simple vacuum system built, thin film property measurement (electrical and mechanical measurements, assisted by graduate students, Jongsik Yoon, Ickchan Kim and Roy Araujo) • Session 12-15: building a simple teaching model to illustrate thin film growth structure (ball models, with help from graduate students) and prepare for final report

15. So, what cha been doing?

16. Hitachi U-4100 Spectrophotometer

17. Working with the Spectrophotometer

18. Sample preparation for TEMS

19. Diamond Saw

20. Polisher/grinder

21. Sample prep

22. Sample prep

23. Optical Microscope

24. Dimpler Machine 80 micron-20

25. Ion miller to make the hole

26. This is what we were trying to accomplish.

27. TEM Imaging 1-2 nm high resolution

28. Transmission Electron Microscope

29. What cha gonna be doing?

31. Pulsed Laser Deposition System

32. High temperature annealing/for better crystal structuring

33. Vacuum chamber

34. Control box for vacuum pumps for the PLD

35. Pulsed Laser Deposition system

36. What am I going to do with this? • Make and try to stack crystal structures.

37. What am I going to do with this? • Test properties of materials. • Work with Gas laws to discuss what is going on in the vacuum chamber. • Kinetic Theory • Much, much, more!!!!!!!!

38. Acknowledgements Free template from www.brainybetty.com