Basic Adult CPR

1. Basic Adult CPR

2. Basic Adult CPR TABLE OF CONTENTS Lessons 1. CPR Basics Go 2. Introduction to Adult CPR Go

3. Lesson 1 – CPR • CPR is a lifesaving technique that must be learned by every health care worker. • CPR is short for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. • Cardio means heart. • Pulmonary means lungs. • Resuscitationmeans to restore to life.

4. Lesson 1 – Basic Life Support • CPR is part of a life-saving system called Basic Life Support (BLS). • BLS includes the following steps: • Recognizing signs of sudden cardiac arrest, heart attack, stroke, and airway obstructions. • Implementing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). • Performing defibrillation.

5. Lesson 1 – Cardiac Arrest • Cardiac arrest is when the heart suddenly stops beating. • When cardiac arrest occurs, the electrical impulses in the heart become altered. • Ventricular fibrillation is a chaotic heart rhythm that makes the heart unable to pump blood effectively.

6. Lesson 1 – Detecting Cardiac Arrest • When cardiac arrest occurs, blood stops flowing, and vital organs do not receive oxygen. • The following items may indicate that a patient is suffering from cardiac arrest: • No response: Patients do not respond to touch or sound. • No breathing: Patients have stopped breathing, or they gasp unsuccessfully for breath. • No circulation: Patients do not move and do not have a pulse.

7. Lesson 1 – Defibrillation • When a patient is suffering from cardiac arrest, a device called an automated external defibrillator (AED) may be used to shock the heart. • An AED does not restart the heart. Rather, the device stuns the heart so that ventricular fibrillation is stopped. • Defibrillation is most successful when performed within five minutes of the onset of cardiac arrest.

8. Lesson 1 – Clinical and Biological Death • Clinical death occurs when the heart stops beating and the patient stops breathing. • Biological death occurs when body cells die. Biological death usually happens four to six minutes after clinical death. • If CPR is performed immediately after clinical death occurs, biological death may be prevented.

9. Lesson 1 – Basic Steps of CPR • Remember CABD • Circulation • Airway • Breathing • Defibrillation

10. Lesson 1 – Basic Steps of CPR • Circulation • “Push hard, push fast” • Compress at least 2 inches • Minimize interruptions

11. Lesson 1 – Basic Steps of CPR • Airway • Head-tilt, chin-lift • Jaw-thrust maneuver

12. Lesson 1 – Basic Steps of CPR • Breathing • Use face shield • 2 rescue breaths

13. Lesson 1 – Basic Steps of CPR • Defibrillation • Use immediately • Resume CPR

14. Lesson 1 – CPR Certification • There are specific methods of CPR for adults, children, and infants. CPR rescuers must know how to use these methods properly. • The best way to learn the correct methods is to take a CPR certification course. • To become CPR certified, contact a local branch of the American Red Cross or the American Heart Association.

15. Lesson 1 – Health Care Providers and Lay Rescuers • CPR procedures for health care providers are different from the procedures for lay rescuers. • A lay rescuer is any person who is trained to perform CPR but is not a licensed health care provider.

16. Lesson 2 – Adult CPR • Adult CPR may be given to anyone who has reached the onset of puberty. • The two methods of adult CPR include the one-person rescue and the two-person rescue. • Health care workers must be trained in both methods.

17. Lesson 2– Chain of Survival • The American Heart Association created the Chain of Survival to illustrate important steps to take during cardiac arrest. • The four links in the Chain of Survival are: • Recognition of the emergency and activation of EMS. • Bystander CPR. • Defibrillation. • Advanced life support by health care providers.