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AP Human Geography. Ethnicity. What is ethnicity?. Identification with a group of people who share the culture of a specific homeland or hearth. Different from race , which is biological. Nationality indicates country of origin or citizenship.
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AP Human Geography Ethnicity
What is ethnicity? • Identification with a group of people who share the culture of a specific homeland or hearth. • Different from race, which is biological. • Nationality indicates country of origin or citizenship. • These three things can be easily confused and often overlap. • Ex. Black/ African American/ American
Clustering of Ethnicities • We will examine the clustering of ethnicities at two levels: national and regional. • National level • Where in a country do various ethnic groups live? • Regional level • Where in a city do various ethnic groups live?
Major Ethnicities in the U.S. • European- American 66% • German, English, Italian • Hispanic 15% • Mexican, Puerto Rican, Guatemalan • African- American 13% • African American, West Indian American, Sub-Saharan African American • Asian- American 4.5% • China, India, Vietnam, Japan, SW Asia • American Indian/ Alaska Natives 0.8% • Hawaiian/ Pacific Islanders 0.14%
Ethnic minorities • Ethnic minorities tend to be clustered in urban areas. • Chicago provides and excellent case study for ethnic geography • Ethnicities are divided into fairly well defined neighborhoods/ community areas. • This, however, has led to claims that Chicago is a somewhat segregated city.
Major Ethnicities in Chicago (2010) • African American 33% (down from 36% in 2000) • African-American, African • European American 32% (up from 31% in 2000) • Irish, German, Polish, Italian • Hispanic 29% (up from 26% in 2000) • Mexican, Puerto Rican • Asian 5.5% (up from 4 % in 2000) • Chinese, Indian
Nationality • A group of people who share a legal attachment (citizenship) and personal allegiance to a country. • Ex. American, Russian, Brazilian
Nation-State • A state whose territory/ borders align to an ethnic group. • Ex. Denmark, Japan • Not the Iraq, Russia
Nationalism • Loyalty and devotion to a country/ nationality. • Sense of unity • Holds a country together. • Brings different people together under common cause, • Ex. Flags, songs, symbols, pride
To unite or divide? Centripetal Force Centrifugal Force Divides a country. Cultural differences Ex. Language, religion, ethnicity • Unifies a country. • Cultural similarities • Ex. Language, religion, ethnicity, nationalism.
Multiethnic State & Multinational State Multi-ethnic State Multi-National State Multiple ethnic groups, each governing themselves. Ex. United Kingdom England, Wales, Scotland, N. Ireland • One country, multiple ethnicities. • Ex. U.S., Russia • African American, Mexican American, Italian American