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Human Computer Interaction CSC 4730 - 100 User System Interface CSC 8570-001. Fall 2012 Instructor: Robert E. Beck. Introductions (1). Name If working For what company? In what capacity? If a full-time student Plans after graduation
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Human Computer InteractionCSC 4730-100User System InterfaceCSC 8570-001 Fall 2012 Instructor: Robert E. Beck
Introductions (1) • Name • If working • For what company? • In what capacity? • If a full-time student • Plans after graduation • Describe the user interface of the first computer you used.
Introductions (2) • Information sheet • Questionnaire: student information • Questions • Who invented the computer mouse? When? Where? • What (computer-based) POS systems do you typically encounter as a customer in a standard week? • What process would you use to find the latitude and longitude of the statue of Gregor Mendel on the plaza in front of the Mendel Science Center?
Goals • Developing design principles • Investigating models and theories • Creating evaluation processes • Experimentation • Opinion • Outlining an effective design process—interface engineering • Proposing interface designs
Themes (1) • Hierarchy of design principles • Models • Theories (or theory) • Awareness • Mental models • Common interactions • Microsoft vs. Apple vs. others • General knowledge
Themes (2) • Breadth and depth: USI, HCI, UX, UE, UIST, UIMS, IUI, SUSI, GUI, DMI • Tasks vs. actions • Multidisciplinary approach • Frontiers of HCI • Definitions, use of words • Examples
Strategies (Ways of Knowing) • Create concept maps for reading assignments • Combine individual maps • Slip-of-paper (SOP) questions and surveys • Summarize results • Lectures, sometimes • Discussion, always • Argumentation, when appropriate
Strategies (2) • Examples • Careful reading of research and survey articles • PowerPoint (or Keynote) as a guide • Edited during class • Posted after class on course web site
Activities • Research project • Report • Presentation • Poster • Article presentation • Web-based project • Exercises • Experiments • Exam – in two parts • Second part: December 18
Responsibilities • Attendance • Reading • Team support • Dialog with classmates and instructor
Battery Operated Devices • Step 1: Make a list of all the battery operated devices you have with you this evening. • Step 2: Pair up by threes and check your lists with one another. Add any devices you forgot and create a union list. • Step 3: Choose the device from your combined list that has the simplest interface design. • Step 4: For this device, describe the interactions and their effects that a user can have with this device. • Step 5: Report your group’s findings to the class.
Battery Operated Devices (2) Keyless car entry Headphones Smart phone iPad Windows laptop MacBook Pro Pedometer
Hot TopicsBurning Questions Time for your thoughts • Pair up by twos • For the next few minutes, write down as many issues or problems in user-system interaction as you can.
Issue Summary • How do we do this?
Hot Areas; Burning IssuesThe List • Extra steps needed to close Android web browser • Not being able to determine the state of a system. Example: Meeting Planner • Not allowing direct manipulation (especially cut and paste) methods to include information in Facebook • Noticeable response time delay for “simple” operations • Poor order of choices when starting a system. Example: Craig’s List • Overcomplicated systems—too many buttons or other widgets on a single screen, too long a path of choices to accomplish a task. Example: Novasis registration system • “Undercomplicated” systems—too few buttons, causing features to be hidden
List (2) Lack of backwards compatibility in system versions Lack of data retention, or other cause, for returning a system to its previous state. Example: not reopening tabs on a browser. Unexpected results or functionality. Example: a standard sequence of operations produces an unanticipated result. Example: in MS Excel, right click between two rows doesn’t insert as expected Using input devices or actions in non-standard, hence difficult ways. Example: menu navigation by arm waving with KINECT.
Hot Topics: Others’ Ideas • CHI 20XX topics • HCIL presentations • Interactions
Landscape of the Field • Taxonomy • Ontology
Sources • ACM Digital Library • Conference proceedings, especially • The Web—but be careful • The course web site • University HCI labs, e.g. • U of Maryland www.cs.umd.edu/hcil • Popular press • Information Week • Financial Times • Falvey Library reference desk
Sources (2) • Steve Krug, Don’t Make Me Think: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability, 2nd Edition • Jeff Johnson, GUI Bloopers 2.0: Common User Interface Design Don'ts and Dos • Jakob Nielsen, Designing Web Usability
Contacts • PhillyCHI – Philadelphia region chapter of SIGCHI • SIGCHI – ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Human Interaction
Conferences • ACE – Computer Entertainment Technology • AVI – Advanced Visual Interfaces • CHI – Computer Human Interaction • CSCW – Computer Supported Cooperative Work • DSV-IS • HCI International • HCIL Symposium (U Maryland) • HICS • Hypertext
Conferences (2) • IDC • Interact • IUI – Intelligent User Interfaces • IVA • SG – Smart Graphics • SIGIR – Information Retrieval • UIST – User Interface Software Technology • User Modeling • World Wide Web
Tools • Concept maps: • http://cmap.ihmc.us • EndNote • Task models: • ConcurTaskTrees Environment • Help compiler • Treemap: • http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/treemap-history/
Tools (2) • UISK: User Interface Sketching Tool • NodeXL
User System Interface Human Computer Interaction Graphical Direct Manipulation What Do We Mean By
Eras of HCI • Holes • Command lines • Menus and characters • Widget objects and bit maps • Small devices • Gesture input
iPad • A newish smallish device • Issues of design and user interaction? • Discoverability of functionality • Easy to learn elementary functionality • Lack of multitasking, only single window • Keyboard design • Accidental gesture interpretation • Inconsistent interfaces across apps (extends to all software)
iPad(5) • Displaying non-mobile web sites • Pinch zoom • Scroll to end? • Is it trying to be a computer?
What to Study: Potential Topics • Tiny interfaces: Cell phones, smartphones, PDAs, ultramobile PCs, house systems, POS systems • Gesture-based input; pen interfaces • Intelligent interfaces (cf. IUI) • Task analysis (e.g. buying a ticket) • Collaboration tools/systems (cf. CSCW) • Personalization; recommender systems • Friendly forms • Creating digital libraries • Mashup tools • Web-based interfaces to systems, to information, for task completion
Reading a Research Paper • Expect to find • Abstract • Introduction • Description of experiment • Discussion of results • Conclusion • Proposals for future work • References
Reading (2) • Try the abstract—though it may be too abstract, too condensed. • Read the introduction until you get confused. • Read the conclusion. • Look at the reference list—hoping to find papers you already know about. • Check the headings and first few lines of the middle sections for ease of understanding.
Reading (3) • Examples: • Mackenzie: Unipad text entry • Soukoreff and Mackenzie: Metrics for text entry errors
Next Time • Read Wigdor & Balakrishnan, Tilt Text: using tilt for text input to mobile phones. (You can get a copy of the paper from the ACM Digital Library.) • Evaluate its structure and content as a research paper. • Identify design principles for user interfaces based on the paper. • Hand in your solution to the table exercise.
Next Time (2) • Install EndNote on your computer and record the references from the Wigdor paper in it. • EndNote has been available for loan from the library. Check with the Reference Desk • Install the CMAP software on your computer and capture the principal ideas of today’s lecture in it.
Next Time (3) • What is the difference between taxonomy and ontology? • How is the field of HCI divided?
Buttons • What should the syntax of a button be? • Syntax? What’s that? • Does the question need to be rephrased? • What should the semantics of a button be? • Semantics? What’s that? • And in the new phrasing?