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Green Growth through Regional Cooperation

Hongpeng Liu Chief Energy Security & Water Resources Section Environment and Development Division UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. ASEAN-China Environmental Cooperation Forum 2011 Innovation for Green development. Green Growth through Regional Cooperation.

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Green Growth through Regional Cooperation

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  1. Hongpeng Liu Chief Energy Security & Water Resources SectionEnvironment and Development DivisionUN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ASEAN-China Environmental Cooperation Forum 2011 Innovation for Green development Green Growth through Regional Cooperation

  2. Current challenges Volatile prices, inflation - food, fuel & commodities Economic uncertainty Threats of climate change Poverty reduction slowing Achievement of MDG 1 in doubt in many developing countries

  3. Poverty reduction jeopardized… FAO food price index and brent crude oil price, January 2004 to December 2010 FAO food price index and brent crude oil price, January 2004 to December 2010 FAO food price index and Brent crude oil price, January 2004 to December 2010 42M fall into poverty 2010 19M affected by rising prices (oil/energy/resource/food)

  4. A-P uses > 3 x resources to produce $1 of GDP, compared to the rest of the world * biomass, fossil fuels, metal ores, industrial & construction minerals Domestic material consumption intensity Asia-Pacific Unsustainable Resource Use Patterns Rest of world Source: CSIRO and UNEP Asia Pacific Material Flows database

  5. Scope of Green Development/ Green Growth Investing in Natural Capital VS Greening of the Economy Improving efficiency of the way we use natural capital currently • Green economy

  6. Key Features for GD/GG Sustainable development: concept & principle GD/GG: integrating 3 pillars; economy, environment & social Turning resource / climate crisis into Economic Opportunity Higher & sustainable growth, more job

  7. GG/GD aims at System Change - paradigm shift • Not for an incremental change, e.g. limited to green technologies, agro-forestry, etc. • Greening whole economy • Creating economy where investing in green can generate profits • With highlights on integrated policy intervention

  8. Innovations for GG/GD • By Initiating Structural Transformation • Visible Structure: Development of Eco-Efficient Infrastructure (Built Structures, incl. Buildings, Urban Design, Transport, Energy, Water, Industry, IT application, etc.) • Invisible Structure: Value Setting, Development Orientation, Internalizing Ecological Value into Price, Regulation, Eco-Efficient Technology, Institutional Capacity etc.

  9. How to make it happen? How to make it inclusive? GG/GD (energy/ resource/ carbon efficient growth) is not a choice, but a must We do not have any other choice Task: Identifying Enabling Policy Options

  10. Leapfrogging economic policies and strategies for DCs • Internalizing Ecological Value into Price System • Market price does not reflect full cost of processing inputs and outputs • Economic distortions pushed Earth into an ecological deficit • Must internalize ecological costs natural resources into prices of goods • Vicious circle reversible by adopting new economic regime highlighting eco-efficiency

  11. Tax system reform Tax system based on resource consumption rather than income can stimulate resource efficient development Tax neutrality Government has to jump start system change As GG cannot happen automatically by the current mechanism due to various reasons Indonesian Gov changed subsidies in 2008 Thailand EE revolving funds & tax reform on petro products Cambodia’s GG Committee & national strategy

  12. Opportunities for regional cooperation Green Business =linking Green Objectives with Profit motivation (new business = additional employment) Improving ecological efficiency= more competitiveness and resiliencewhen resource prices are high and always fluctuating New and Growing Market Environment Industry and management services New & Renewable Energy Technologies (ASEAN-15% in the total power installed capacity 2015) Energy / Resource Efficiency (ASEAN - Reduce regional energy intensity of at least 8% (based on 2005 level) by 2015) 3 R etc.

  13. ESCAP: 5 Tracks for GG Roadmap • Shifting Focus from Quantity to Quality of Growth • Internalizing Ecological Cost: changing price structure • Changing the design of infrastructure • Promoting Green Business • Establishing low carbon economics

  14. Thank you for your attention

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