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Using the Internet Internet for Development

Using the Internet Internet for Development.

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Using the Internet Internet for Development

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  1. Using the InternetInternet for Development by Taholo Kamifor UNESCO"These materials have been produced with support from UNESCO. Theauthor is responsible for the choice and presentation of the facts inthe materials and for the opinions expressed therein, which are notnecessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization."

  2. Outline • Using the Internet • Email • World Wide Web • Finding Information • History • Governance of the Internet

  3. World Wide Web Words • Browser - the software interface used to display information from the web on your computer. Common browsers are Internet Explorer by Microsoft and Netscape Navigator • URL: Universal Resource Locator or web address / domain also known as Domain Name • http://www.yourname.com • Search Engine: Searchable databases on Internet that compile information from web pages enabling users to search vast amounts of data on one database.

  4. More WWW Words • Cyberspace: Virtual world for electronic communications associated with the Internet. • Internet Service Provider (ISP): a supplier of Internet access services usually your local telecom or other source to the Internet • Universal Access is equitable and affordable access by all citizens to information infrastructure via the Internet and other communications mediums

  5. Email • Using the Internet to send and receive messages and files electronically. • The “killer application” or most popular use of the Internet. • Instant communications where cost is not determined by distance. • Replacing formal letters and faxes / cutting costs. • Language is informal and less emphasis on structure

  6. Email Applications • Email networking with mailing lists or list serves (yahoogroups.com). • Informal groups • Professional networks • Email web surfing / file retrieval • Get web (www.healthnet.org) • Email distribution - empowering information providers in existing networks.

  7. Some Email Issues • Security • Assume all files are accessible to service provider • In many Pacific countries before Government LANs were introduced many Government departments used the commercial ISP provider for all email services • Use encryption if security is an issue. • Careful with private / personal messages. • Email may be legally binding • Limitations • Email may seem abrupt - be sensitive to receivers perspective. • IF upset wait awhile before sending email reply. • Reread before sending ANY email sincemistakes are common

  8. World Wide Web • Visual: text, images, video on webpages. • Ability to interact with viewer allows for feedback and transactions • Trillions of webpages online • Dead Pages • Hobbies, Personal information, Communities • Shopping, Advertising, Services • news, journals, academic papers, forums • directories / portals etc etc.

  9. Finding Resources Online • Portals • www.yahoo.com - General Directory on whole Internet • www.sidsnet.org - Directory on Islands Development Issues • www.fijivillage.com - Directory on Fiji issues • Search Engines; some common search engines • www.Google .com • www. Lycos.com • www.altavista.com, www.hotbot.com

  10. Quick Search Hints • Try one or two search Engines • Use Combinations of keywords and put them in “inverted commas” - this refines the search criteria • From the search results select sites which are more likely to have good information sources. • Use links from the better websites on your subject instead of going back to search engine - Good sites within area of interest will have better links to resources in that field.

  11. Time Line • 1969 ARPANET • Military Funding and setup by researchers • Packet Switching replaces circuit Switching • The ability for computers to talk to each other over distance and multiple connections irrespective of local interface / model • Cooperation amongst core group of developers in several organizations

  12. Time Line. • 1971 First Email • Email drove initial use • Early assumptions - 256 networks sufficient for foreseeable future. • 1992 WWW - CERN and MOSAIC browsers with images. • 1994 Netscape - commercialization of Internet applications.

  13. Today • 3-400 million users • Web sites • June 93 130 • June 94 2738 • Dec 94 10,022 • June 95 23,500 • June 96 252000 • June 00 15m

  14. Internet Governance • Department of Defense coordinated early Internet. • John Postel and later other organizations controlled assignment of names. • Single registry. • 1992 Contract given to Network Solutions • Internet Assigned Names Authority (IANA) allocated IP address.

  15. Wild West: Who makes the rules ? • No one was prepared for Internet explosion 1994 onwards. • First come first serve basis with distribution of domain names. • Network solutions becomes huge monopoly. • 1998 ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers • ICANN allows multiple registrars for domain names

  16. ICANN • Setup by US Government • To establish competition in domain name registration • To develop and maintain Internet standards applied equally around the world, across economic social boundaries. • 19 Board members - 9 elected from membership.

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