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KEY CONCEPT Matter cycles in and out of an ecosystem. Nutrient Cycles. Cycling maintains homeostasis (balance) in the environment. 5 cycles to investigate: 1. Water cycle 2. Carbon cycle 3. Nitrogen cycle 4. Oxygen 5. Phosphorus. Water cycle- Includes the following
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Nutrient Cycles • Cycling maintains homeostasis (balance) in the environment. • 5 cycles to investigate: • 1. Water cycle • 2. Carbon cycle • 3. Nitrogen cycle • 4. Oxygen • 5. Phosphorus
Water cycle- • Includes the following • Evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation • The hydrologic, or water, cycle is the circular pathway of water on Earth. • Organisms all have bodies made mostly of water.
Carbon cycle- • Photosynthesis and respiration cycle carbon and oxygen through the environment.
Carbon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Vwa6qtEih8cycle http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/The-Ocean-in-Action/Sci-Media/Animations-and-Interactives/Carbon-cycle http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/carbon_cycle.html
Nitrogen cycle- Atmospheric nitrogen (N2) makes up nearly 78%-80% of air. Organisms can not use it in that form. Lightning and bacteria convert nitrogen into usable forms.
Nitrogen cycle- Only in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation-convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids. N2 NH4+
Nitrogen cycle- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria: Some live in a symbiotic relationship with plants of the legume family (e.g., soybeans, clover, peanuts).
Nitrogen cycle-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w03iO_Yu9Xw&feature=related • Some nitrogen-fixing bacteria live free in the soil. • Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are essential to maintaining the fertility of semi-aquatic environments like rice paddies.
Oxygen Cycle • The main processes involved in the oxygen cycle are photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
oxygen photosynthesis respiration carbon dioxide • Oxygen cycles indirectly through an ecosystem by the cycling of other nutrients.
rain geologic uplifting weathering of phosphate from rocks runoff plants animals phosphate in soil phosphate in solution leaching sedimentation forms new rocks decomposers • Phosphate is released by the weathering of rocks. • Phosphorus moves through the food web and returns to the soil duringdecomposition. • The phosphorus cycle takes place at and below ground level. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKkC2JpjaGc) • Phosphorus leaches into groundwater from the soil and is locked in sediments. • Both mining and agriculture add phosphorus into the environment.
Toxins in food chains- • While energy decreases as it moves up the food chain, toxins increase in potency. • This is called biological magnification Ex: DDT & Bald Eagles