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Commas Quotation Marks Pronouns

Commas Quotation Marks Pronouns. LC 1.4 7 th Grade ELA Initiative Lesson. Let’s First Review. Commas are used in a variety of ways in our English language. To separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses in a series

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Commas Quotation Marks Pronouns

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  1. CommasQuotation MarksPronouns LC 1.4 7th Grade ELA Initiative Lesson

  2. Let’s First Review • Commas are used in a variety of ways in our English language. • To separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses in a series Today I brought books, a laptop, a backpack, and a sports bag. • To separate the day from the year My birthday is July 25, 1998. • In addresses The house at 1310 South Central Ave. Visalia, CA, was sold today.

  3. Let’s Review • Direct address Reese, come with me. • Mild Interjections (well, yes, no, why) No, she never returned the car. • Between equal adjectives She bought a fuzzy, red coat. • Before FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) between independent clauses in compound sentences The war lasted for two years, but very few people supported it.

  4. Let’s Review • Before and after an appositive (renames the subject) Mary Jones, my history teacher, dismissed the class early today. • After long introductory elements In the solitude of that snowy December night, we became good friends. Now, on to the focus of today’s lesson.

  5. Commas at the end of dependent clauses • A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. Some clauses are used as sentences, and others are used as parts of sentences. • An independent clause has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought (This is also known as a ______). example: I will play soccer on Saturday. (no comma needed) • A dependent clause, also called a subordinate clause, does not express a complete thought and must be joined to an independent clause to create a meaningful sentence. • example: Because I missed the bus, my mom drove me to school. • A comma is used to separate a dependent clause from an independent clause in a sentence.

  6. Commas • Dependent clause in red. Independent clause in black. Read the following sentences to yourself. • Under most circumstances, my parents would allow me to spend the night with my friends. • Due to no electricity, the ice began to quickly melt. • After the game, we went with our team for pizza.

  7. Quotation Marks • Used in a direct quote (a person’s exact words) “You’re out of your mind,” shouted Tommy. • Used in a summary to show the words are not your own The layers of rock in the earth are “arranged like the layers of an onion.” • Titles of short works: articles, essays, poems, songs, chapters of books, short stories, episodes of TV/radio programs We read “The Raven” by E.A. Poe.

  8. Quotation Marks/Direct Quotes • Remember with direct quotations to… 1.Start the quotation with a capital letter. Mr. Lyons said, “Open the door and come in.” 2.Place the commas and periods inside the quotation marks. Mr. Lyons said, “Open the door and come in.” 3.Place semicolons and colons outside the quotation marks. Williams described the experiment as “ a definite step forward”; others disagreed.

  9. Quotation Marks/Direct quotes • 4. Place question and exclamation marks inside the quotation marks if the quote itself is a question or an exclamation. Did Alfred say, “Is the new president of the organization a friend of mine?” 5. Place question marks and exclamation marks outside the quotation marks if the quote itself is not a question or exclamation. Does Mr. Jager always say to the students, “You must work harder”?

  10. Single Quotation Marks • Use single quotation marks to enclose a quotation inside another quotation. • Examples “Please stop saying ‘I love you,’” he begged. (It looks strange, doesn’t it.) “I have just heard ‘Amazing Grace,’” she said.

  11. Pronouns • When you use pronouns, make sure the meanings of your sentences are clear. The pronoun should refer clearly to one noun coming before the pronoun’s antecedent. • Use the KISS method for using pronouns… Keep It Simple, Students avoid too many antecedents(pronouns) avoid hidden pronouns avoid no pronoun at all

  12. Pronoun Problems • Too many antecedents… Incorrect: Take the mirror out of the car and fix it. Fix what? The mirror or the car? Correct: Take the mirror out of the car and fix the mirror. • Hidden antecedent… Incorrect: The frenchfry bag was empty, but we were tired of eating it anyway. Eating what? The bag? Correct: The frenchfry bag was empty, but we were tired of eating fries anyway.

  13. Pronoun Problems • No antecedent at all Incorrect: The student called the school, but they didn’t answer. Who are they? There is no antecedent. Correct: The student called the school, but the secretary didn’t answer.

  14. Guided Practice • With a partner, create your own examples on the guided practice handout as we return to the power point for extra help and support • Be prepared to share out at the completion of the lesson • Show what you know!

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