Take Out Your Spiral Notebook

1. Take Out Your Spiral Notebook • You will need to make a heading for these four uses of foreign policy. • National Security • Economic (Trade) • Ideological (World Peace) (Democracy) • Humanitarian • Write an example from the lesson for each of these.

2. U.S. Foreign Policy What is foreign policy?

3. Foreign Policy Foreign policy is the way in which we deal as a nation with other nations around the world.

4. 1. Map indicating states and territories and their diplomatic relations with the U.S.* Blue represents the United States.     * Green represents nations with which the US has diplomatic relations.     * Red represents nations with which the US does not have diplomatic relations.      * Yellow represents nations that are disputed areas.

5. US FOREIGN POLICY GOALS CAN BE PLACED IN THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES National Security Economic (Trade) Ideological (World Peace) (Democracy) Humanitarian

6. Military Actions Taken to meet the US’ National Security Goals • The US builds military bases to protect friendly nations near enemy nations • The US blockades the ships of an enemy nation • The US enforces a no-fly zone denying the ability for another country to launch aircrafts.

7. Start Treaty (A treaty to end nuclear proliferation between the USSR and the US)- How does this benefit the common good?

8. Political Actions Used to Meet US National Security Goals Political Actions taken to meet national Security Goals: • Trade Sanctions- Imposing trade barriers upon another nation • Trade Embargo- An agreement among a group of nations that prohibit them from trading with a specific nation

9. Diplomatic Ways the US Meets its National Security Goals • Treaties signed to reduce weapons of mass destruction or chemical weapons such as the START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) signed between Russia and the U.S. • License/forbid the selling or possession of arms to specific countries. For example, the US and UN placed sanctions on Iraq between 1992 and 2002. • U.S. and United Nations call upon International Atomic Energy Agency of the UN to inspect countries unwilling to follow previously signed treaties. • THE US participates in NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) to meet its and its allies national security goals.

10. Economic Actions taken to meet National Security Goals: • Freeze the bank accounts of terrorist organizations and the those organizations that help fund terrorism. • Mount an embargo or trade sanctions/barriers on a country labeled “terrorist friendly. EX. Iran, North Korea, Iraq • Place nations on Most Favored Nation status in order to better trade relations with countries that share U.S. values or might one day i.e. China

11. Ideological ways to meet US national security goals: • Support those groups or nations with similar values willing to combat the nations labeled terrorist or enemy by declaring that they are friendly nations and/ or providing economic support. (Pakistan) • Recognize and support organizations that support democracy in foreign nations. • Declare the legitimacy or illegitimacy of a foreign country’s democracy.

12. Ways the US Meets its Ideological Foreign Policy Goals Political Actions: The US can recognize the sovereignty (independence) of a new nation. The US call foreign nations undemocratic or labels nations as being part of an“Axis of Evil”

13. Ways the US Meets its Ideological Foreign Policy Goals Diplomatic Actions: • Use of Peace Corps or foreign aid (US AID) to prove Americans are ‘nice’ and make it clear to nation that it will lose aid if it does not abide. • Break diplomatic ties by closing an embassy in a nation that no longer supports democracy and free trade such as Iran. • Warn US citizens not to visit a nation that does not support human rights laws. • Promotes fair elections. (Democracy) • Embarrass nation by publicly scolding their actions or using media to broadcast directly to the country’s people about what is taking place.

14. Ways the US Meets its Humanitarian Goals Political Actions: • Support developing nations with organizations such as the Peace Corps and US AID Agency for International Development, World Bank and IMF • Provide professional and military training • Sign on to international treaties such as the Kyoto Protocol • Publicly scold a country for not doing more to prevent pollution. Economic Actions: • Support by providing access to American markets • Providing financial support through loans and grants. • Place trade barriers on products produced in nations with bad environmental track records.

15. Ways the US Meets its Humanitarian Goals Diplomatic Actions: • Sign on to international treaties such as the Kyoto Protocol to reduce global warming. • Work with the United Nations UNICEF to aid refugees and the poor. • Allow political refugees to immigrate to the US Military Actions: • Overthrow a government that abuses human rights using military force. (Example: Libya)

16. Humanitarian Missions of Peace USS Mercy, Naval Hospital

17. Questions? • What is an alternative to using trade sanctions and embargos to get other nations to change? • What are some possible outcomes to having a trade sanction or embargo place on a nation? This can include the United States.