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Luminosity variations with pellet targets

Luminosity variations with pellet targets. Anatoly Sidorin, Alexander Smirnov , Dmitry Krestnikov Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Dubna, Russia http://lepta.jinr.ru/betacool. BETACOOL application over the world (since 1995). TSL, Uppsala MSL, Stockholm. JINR, Dubna

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Luminosity variations with pellet targets

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  1. Luminosity variations with pellet targets Anatoly Sidorin, Alexander Smirnov, Dmitry Krestnikov Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Dubna, Russia http://lepta.jinr.ru/betacool PANDA meeting, ITEP

  2. BETACOOL application over the world (since 1995) TSL, Uppsala MSL, Stockholm JINR, Dubna ITEP, Moscow ITMP, Sarov BINP, Novosibirsk FZJ, Jülich GSI, Darmstadt Erlangen Univ. MPI, Heidelberg CERN, Geneva München Univ. Fermilab, Batavia BNL, Upton Tech-X, Boulder RIKEN, Wako NIRS, Chiba Kyoto Univ. Hiroshima Univ. Beijing Univ. IMP, Lanzhou PANDA meeting, ITEP

  3. HESR high resolution mode • Compensation of mean energy loss by RF • Stabilization of emittance at some large value to avoid longitudinal IBS PANDA meeting, ITEP

  4. Typical parameters of the pellet target PANDA meeting, ITEP

  5. After single crossing the pellet PANDA meeting, ITEP

  6. Physical models of Internal target Longitudinal degree of freedom ; ; n1, n2 – number of excitation events to different atomic energy levels n3 – number of ionization events x – uniform random number Eloss–mean energy loss, x– Gaussian random Estr–energy fluctuations (straggling) N N DP/P0 DP/P0 DP/P0+Estr DP/P DP/P Eloss Eloss PANDA meeting, ITEP

  7. Transverse degree of freedom q – rms scattering angle x – Gaussian random numbers c – screening angle N – number of scattering events x – uniform random numbers target target qstr PANDA meeting, ITEP

  8. Pellet target(real space) The particle crosses the pellet when the following conditions are satisfied together: PANDA meeting, ITEP

  9. Flux radius Mean distance between pellets Pellet diameter Effective density for Gaussian beam PANDA meeting, ITEP

  10. Peak to mean ratio beam radius [cm] h – distance between pellet rf – flux radius s– beam radius PANDA meeting, ITEP

  11. Pellet target modelfor homogeneous flux pellets flux R_real = 1020 cm-2 s R_effec = 1015 cm-2 N_step = 106 turns N_event = R_effec * N_step / R_real = 10 events x Particle probability in real space PANDA meeting, ITEP

  12. Pellet target modelfor cylindrical flux Number of events: 1) Integration over betatron oscillation 2) Integration over flux width 3) Number of turns per integration step pellets flux s Number of events for model particle Real models of interaction with pellet x Particle probability in real space PANDA meeting, ITEP

  13. Estimation of target thicknesson WASA@COSY (D.Prasuhn) • beam life time without target: twithout=859 minutes • beam life time with target: twith=2.4 minutes Average vacuum pressure over the ring: 5*10-9 mbar (corresponding to 2.5*1012 cm-2) Target thickness = 352*2.5*1012 = 8.8*1014 cm-2 PANDA meeting, ITEP

  14. After target optimization Average vacuum pressure over the ring: 5*10-9 mbar (corresponding to 2.5*1012 cm-2) • beam life time without target: twithout=859 minutes • beam life time with target: twith=77.3 seconds (!!) Target thickness = 667*2.5*1012 = 1.7*1015 cm-2 PANDA meeting, ITEP

  15. Simulation of particle losseswith BETACOOL code Effective density 4x1015 cm-2 that in 2 times more which was estimated from beam life time PANDA meeting, ITEP

  16. SIMULATIONS OF PELLET TARGET EFFECTS WITH THE PROGRAM PETAG01 A. Dolinskii, V. Gostishchev, M. Steck, GSI, Darmstadt, Germany O. Bezshyyko, Kiev National University, Kiev, Ukraine The luminosity versus time calculated every 20000 turns. The effective target density 5⋅1015 cm-2 N=1011, E=8 GeV. PANDA meeting, ITEP

  17. Experiments on WASA@COSY(M.Wolke) Forward Detector single rate PANDA meeting, ITEP

  18. Luminosity variation with pellets pellets Beam profiles Luminosity variation Events PANDA meeting, ITEP

  19. Summary • Estimation of the effective target density have to be done with particle dynamics simulation • Luminosity variation with pellet target can be calculated using information about beam profiles and pellet distributions • Target experiments with the stochastic cooling and the burrier bucket can be compared with the simulation in real time PANDA meeting, ITEP

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