How Do Generators Work?

1. How Do Generators Work? Flip Flop Professional Development June 14, 2012 Presenters: Jane R. Pablico Gloria A. Quisido

2. Agenda • Introduction • Science Content Standards • Vocabulary Review • Lecture • How Power Plants Work • How Generators Work • Hands On Activities • Building Turbine and Linear Generators • Presentation of Output

3. Related Science Content Standards • SI GLE’s (Scientific Inquiry Skills, Understanding Scientific Inquiry) • PS GLE’s (Forms of Energy, Transformations of Energy, Interactions of Energy and Matter) • SE GLE’s ( Resources and Resource Management, Environmental Awareness and Protection)

4. Vocabulary Activity • Kinetic energy • Potential energy • Mechanical energy • Generator • Turbine generator • Linear generator • Electromagnetic induction • Motor

5. Vocabulary Review • Kinetic energy - the energy possessed by bodies in motion • Potential energy - the energy possessed by bodies at rest and ready to do work • Mechanical energy - the energy associated with the motion and position of an object • Generator - a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy • Turbine generator - a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into electrical energy or useful work • Linear generator –a device that induces electrical energy by a sliding magnet that moves back and forth through a solenoid - a spool of copper wire • Electromagnetic induction – a process in which electric current is produced by moving a wire loop through a magnetic field or by moving a magnet through a loop of wire • Motor - a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion

6. How a Coal-Fired Power Plant Works HOLT Environmental Science

7. How a typical nuclear power plant works HOLT Environmental Science

8. What is Common to Both Power Plants? • Heat is generated to turn water into steam. The steam turns a turbine which then makes the generator produce electricity.

9. What is an Electric Generator • A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy • Turbine generator • Linear generator

10. How a Linear Generator Works • When the device is shaken back and forth, the magnet oscillates through the coil and induces an electric current. Shake Flashlight

11. Generating Electricity from Wave Energy http://sustainabledesignupdate.com/2007/12/ocean-wave-energy/

12. How a Turbine Generator Works • As the turbine turns, the rotor (which is either the coil of wire or the magnet) connected to it will also spin with respect to the stator. If the magnet is the rotor, the coil of wire is the stator, and vice versa. The relative motion between the magnets and the coils of wire induces electrons to move through the wire, therefore producing electricity.

13. Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction • Any change in the magnetic environment of a coil of wire will cause a voltage (emf) to be "induced" in the coil. http://www.way2science.com/index.php/faradays-laws-of-electromagnetic-induction/

14. Ways of Electromagnetic Induction • changing the magnetic field strength • moving a magnet toward or away from the coil • moving the coil into or out of the magnetic field • rotating the coil relative to the magnet

15. Hands on Activities • Linear Generator • Turbine Generator • Wind • Hydroelectric

16. Presentation of Outputs

17. References • Arms, K. & Savannah, G. (2004). Environmental Science. HOLT, Rinehart & Winston • http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/farlaw.html • http://www.re-energy.ca/

18. Thank you!!!