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Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms. Section 1 What is an Animal?. Characteristics of Animals. All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place Term to know:

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Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

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  1. Chapter 1Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

  2. Section 1 What is an Animal?

  3. Characteristics of Animals • All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy • Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place Term to know: Species: group of organisms that can mate with each other & produce fertile offspring

  4. - What Is an Animal? Structure of Animals • The cells of most animals are organized into higher levels of structure, including tissues, • organs, and systems.

  5. How they obtain food • Terms to know • Heterotroph: can NOT make their own food; must obtain food by eating other organisms (ALL animals) • Food taken in through some cavity • Autotroph: organism that makes its own food (ex. Plants)

  6. Reproduction • Sexual reproduction: new organism formed from joining of 2 sex cells • Characteristics of both parents (unique) • Fertilization: joining of egg & sperm cells • Asexual reproduction: single organism produces a new organism identical to itself • -Parent may divide or buds may grow off • Ex. Hydra

  7. Movement • For: obtaining food, reproducing, escaping danger • Some are sedentary (do not move), but may have moved at some point Ex. Oysters, barnacles, sponges, coral

  8. Animal Needs 1. Water 2. Food 3. Oxygen • All obtained from environment Term to know: Adaptation: characteristic that helps organisms survive in its environment & reproduce

  9. Adaptations for obtaining food • Herbivores: eat ONLY plants • Ex. Grasshoppers, termites, cows • Teeth are broad & flat for grinding • Carnivores: eat ONLY other animals • Predators-hunt & kill other animals (prey) • Teeth sharp, pointed for cutting/stabbing • May adapt through-speed, good hearing, or even camouflage • Omnivore: Eat both plants & animals • Ex. Humans & bears

  10. Adaptations for escaping predators • “Playing dead” • Stingers • Claws • Bitter taste • Smelly sprays

  11. Classification of Animals • This branching tree shows how the major animal groupsare related.

  12. Classification • 35 phylum: major groupings • Based on: • Body Structure-what they look like • Embryology-what they looked like early on • DNA-chemical in cells that controls organisms inherited traits • Backbone (Vertebrate) vs. No backbone (Invertebrate)

  13. - What Is an Animal? The Animal Kingdom • Click the Video button to watch a movie aboutthe animal kingdom.

  14. - What Is an Animal? Invertebrates • Click the Video button to watch a movie about invertebrates.

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