Communication: Introduction

1. Communication: Introduction • The exchange of information, ideas and knowledge between sender and receiver through an accepted code of symbols. • Two way process • The term ‘communication’, derived from a Latin term ‘communicare’. • Sender-Encoding-Mediums-Decoding-Receiver-Feedback

2. Process of Communication encode decode Medium Sender Receiver Feedback

3. Noise in Communication • Physical Noise (channel) • Psychological Noise • Reasons: • Faulty background, surrounding noise, high volume, illegible handwriting • Ambiguous sentence structure, faulty grammar, misspelling, incorrect pronunciation or punctuation

4. General: Contains a general message Informal in style and approach No set pattern Mostly oral Not always for a specific audience No use of technical terms or graphics Technical: Contains a technical message Mostly formal in style and approach Follows a set pattern Both oral and written Always for a specific audience Frequently involves jargons, graphics etc. General & Technical Communication

5. Meaning in Communication • Language employs a combination of words to communicate ideas in a meaningful way. • By changing the word order in a sentence, you can change it’s meaning, and make it meaningless. • E.g.: I eat rice only. • I only eat rice.

6. Characteristics of Language • 1-Artificial: • It’s a man made system. • Man modifies meanings of words as per the need. • E.g. ‘nice’-means good • It’s Latin root ‘nescire’ means to be ignorant • And in 13th century it meant stupid, foolish

7. Characteristics of Language • 2-Restricted: • When we think and translate our thoughts into language, some meaning is lost in process. • E.g.-my school

8. Characteristics of Language • 3-Abstract: • It represents a generalized idea. • E.g.-dress, table • 4-Arbitrary: • No direct relationship between word and the object it represents. • E.g.-table can be called anything

9. Characteristics of Language • 5-Creative: • Generates many words in many meanings. • E.g.-mouse, virus, edutainment • 6-Repetitive: • It improves or reduces effectiveness of communication. • E.g.-A couple of girls are riding their bicycles. • All of you meet together to see me in the afternoon at 3 p.m.

10. Characteristics of Language • 7-Recursive: • No limit of any potential length of a sentence. • Generates any number of additional parts in a sentence. • He borrowed a pen from me…which was not mine….and was given to me by someone

11. Levels of Communication • Extra personal • Intra personal • Inter personal • Organizational (-internal operational-external operational-personal) • Mass (large reach-impersonal-presence of a gatekeeper)

12. Flow of Communication • Downward • Upward • Lateral or Horizontal • Diagonal or Cross-wise

13. Communication Networks • Formal Network: • Chain network • Y- network • Wheel network • Circle network • All channel network

14. Communication Networks • Informal Network: • Single strand • Gossip • Probability • Cluster

15. Oral Forms Face-to-face communication Telephone Talk Meetings Seminars Conferences Dictation Instructions Presentations Group discussions Interviews (employment/press) Video conferences Voice conferences Written Forms Memos Letters E-mails Faxes Notices Circulars Newsletters Reports Proposals Research papers Bulletins Brochures Manuals In-house journals Technical Communication

16. Conclusion • Your communication skills can make a difference between being hired and fired. • Will will find a way…. • Practice makes a man perfect… *****