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E-Voting in CA Original Author: Alan Huch September 12, 2007. Secretary of State.
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Secretary of State “Democracy, by definition, is about free, fair and open elections. “My goal is to have election results that are beyond question or doubt. Right now, far too many voters are wondering about the accuracy of California’s election results. We have three statewide elections next year, which makes it even more essential that our voting equipment be secure, accurate, reliable and accessible.” Debra Bowen, Secretary of State, California, 2007
The Players • Allen, Texas • Austin, Texas • Denver, CO • Omaha, NE
The Vulnerabilities • 45 • 30 • 92 • Refused!
The Impacts • Certifications • Arbitrary election results • Election Results are questionable • Other states joining the hunt • Employees • Egg • $$
Certifications • Diebold • decertified/conditionally recertified • Hart • decertified/conditionally recertified • Sequoia • decertified/conditionally recertified • ES&S • decertified
Arbitrary election results • Diebold Potential Attack 1 • Paperclip in the card reader goes to setup menu • Retrieves credentials • Logins to the Jet database • Has fun
Arbitrary election results • Hart Potential Attack 3 • Reflashes eScan software • New SW uploads trojan to server • Server distributes to entire system • Next election is 0wned
Arbitrary election results • Sequoia Potential Attack 7 • Insider directly connects MS SQL • Bypassing all access controls • Loads Trojan in database • Loads Trojan on server
Election Results are questionable • "virus did it" • Avi Rubin, 8/26/7 Blog
The Grassy Knoll • Chuck Hagel • ES&S Chairman until 1995 • 1995 Nebraska Senate Race • ES&S machines count 85% of the votes • 15 % were counted by hand • Sen. Chuck Hagel (R-Neb) won the race with 56% of the vote • Historically Democratic state • Polls estimated 18% of the vote • Still owned about 1.5 % share in ES&S • http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2004/03/62790
Key References • http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/elections_vsr.htm • http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting_systems/ttbr/diebold-source-public-jul29.pdf • http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting_systems/ttbr/Hart-source-public.pdf • http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting_systems/ttbr/sequoia-source-public-jul26.pdf