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The Significance of Peace and Human Solidarity

Explore the importance of peace and human solidarity through the perspective of Hiroshima and Nagasaki victims, poems, origami cranes, and global nuclear tests and wars.

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The Significance of Peace and Human Solidarity

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  1. The Significance of Peace and Human Solidarity • Koji Sugino Nakamura,Professor of International Education, Konan University, Japan: koji@konan-u.ac.jp • “A classroom is not diminished if students and professors regard one another as “whole” human beings, striving not just for knowledge in books, but knowledge about how to live in the world.” ( hooks: 1994)

  2. BEFORE

  3. AFTER

  4. Hiroshima: August 6, 1945, am. 7:31

  5. Nagasaki:August 9, 1945,11:02 a.m.

  6. Where is Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

  7. Poems written by victims of Atomic Bombs • An Atomic Bomb • “When an atomic bomb falls • A day becomes a night. • People become ghosts.” • -Hatsumi Sakamoto, 9ears old. • "I will write peace on your wings and you will fly all over the world."- Sadako Sasaki

  8. Thousands of children fold brightly colored paper cranes and place them under Sadako's monument every year. Beneath her statue lie, not just 644, not just a thousand, but millions of paper cranes. Each one has been carefully folded by young hands hoping for peace. Each one represents one person's private prayer for a peaceful world. The brightly colored origami crane has become a symbol of peace, not only for the children of Japan, but also for people around the world.

  9. Give Back Peace Give back father, give back mother,Give back grandpa, give back grandma,Give back boys, give back girls. Give me back myself, give me back men Linked to me. As long as men live as men,Give back peace, Peace that never crumbles. by Sankichi TogeJapan (1917-1953)

  10. A Hiroshima A-Bomb victim, Ms. Kurihara Sadako, once wrote the following passage in one of her poems: • It was night in the basement of a broken buildingVictims of the atomic bombCrowded into the candleless darknessFilling the room to overflowingThe smell of fresh blood, the stench of deathThe stuffiness of human sweat, the writhing moansWhen, out of the darkness, came a wondrous voiceOh! The baby's coming!" it said..........And so, a new life was bornIn the darkness of that living hell..........We shall give forth new life!We shall bring forth new life!Even to our death

  11. Web Site of the Atomic Bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki • http://www.csi.ad.jp/ABOMB/http://www1.city.nagasaki.nagasaki.jp/na- • bomb/museum/museume01.html • http://www.hiroshima-is.ac.jp/Hiroshima/poems.htm • http://www.atomic archive.com/Example/Example1.html • http://www2.iinet.com/art/20th/european/spanish/picasso/picass01.jpg • Hiroshima--Was It Necessary? http://www.doug-long.com • http://sg.geocities.com/raiha_evelyn/hiroshima.html • http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/peacesite/English/Stage1/S1-4E.htm

  12. Our Fragile earth devastated by Nuclear Tests and Wars

  13. The number of nuclear warheads in 2002Stockholm International Peace Research • Country Strategic Non Strategic Total • US 648011207600 • Russia 495133808331 • UK185185 • France 348348 • China282120402 • India(30-35)＊ • Pakistan(24-48)＊ • Israel(200)＊ • Total 12246462017150 • Potential Nuclear warheads３６８００

  14. How many wars have we been engaged in since 1945 ? • There were 55 wars and armed conflictsin Africa, 36 in Asia, 25 in Latin America, 23 in Middle East and 13 in Europe since 1945. • (Peace Pledge Union :2005) • Tragically26 wars and armed conflicts are still going on even today. The total death toll in wars and armed conflicts between 1945-2000 stands at 50-51 million (Leitenberg Center for International and Security Studies at university of Maryland 2005)

  15. Military Expenditure of the World • The US spent $5.5 trillion for developing nuclear weapons between １９４０ to 1996 • The world spent $７５０ billion on weapons • every year.（UNDP：１９９４) • The world has spent $ 35 trillion on conventional weapons. • The US’s military budget in 2004 is about $ 300 billion and $330 billion in 2005 • (State of the world 2004)

  16. Facts: Fatality of Wars, Refugees, Street Children and Child Labor • The fatality of The World War II : • ６５ millions (4０millions were civilians) • The fatality of wars after the World War II: • ２５millions • The number of Refugees today: • ２６millions (60% are childrenand women) • Street Children: 30 millions、 • Child Labor: 246millions • Child Solders:800000 • 40000 children under the age of 5 are dying of preventable causes every day. • ＷＨＯ、ＵＮＤＰ（１９９７）

  17. Global Human Rights IssuesCivil Wars, Refugees, Poverty, Hunger, Child Labor and AIDS are all linked with each other.

  18. Reality: Child LaborChildren are victims of poverty. • ２４６millions of children are forced to work. • ７３ millions of them are under 10 years old. • 125 millions of them are out of school. • ２２０００children are dying while working. • １２７ millions are working in Asia & Pacific. • ４８ millions are working sub-Sahara Africa • 8.4 millions children are victims of child slavery, tracking, debtor labor, prostitution and pornography. • (ILO and State of the World 2004)

  19. The Voice from Edward SaidLecture at Cairo Univ. in 2003 • You cannot deal with others without profound knowledge of his or her culture, society and history. • Force never works, because you can never destroys the will of people and the power of people. • Idea is equality, coexistence and sustainable life. • The present is our battle ground and knowledge is our main weapons. • (Said:2003)

  20. Global literacy includes cross-cultural competence and sensitivity with multicultural, transcultural and transnational perspectives. It also requires communicative competence in English as an International Language (EIL) for global dialogue. Also it develops cognitive, affective, social skills to reconcile from mutual strength and integrate seemingly opposing values on a higher level for the purpose of equitable coexistence. Global Literacy: A New Paradigm for Global Citizenship Education

  21. Can we survive or perish?This is a point of departure for Global Education. • Korten (1999) states that it is now our time to accept responsibility for our freedom or perish as a species that failed to find its place of service in the web of life.

  22. How can we cope with different cultures with an effective strategy for cultural confrontation? • The key answer: • awareness • respect • communication • reconciliation from mutually shared strength.

  23. Survive or Perish ? • Whether we will be able to survive as brothers and sisters with a sense of human solidarity, or we will perish as strangers preoccupied with enormous speculation of money, aimless competition, ignorance and indifference depends on global citizenship education for the future generations. We have to build a more peaceful and sustainable global/local community with global perspectives

  24. A SUGGESTION for peaceful coexistence • To be accepted • we must accept others. • To be respected • we must respect others. • To be loved • we must love others.

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