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Understanding Soil Formation: Factors and Processes

Learn about the key factors influencing soil formation, including climate, precipitation, biota, topography, and time. Discover how parent material determines soil composition and mineral content. Explore the role of microorganisms and animals in shaping soil structure.

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Understanding Soil Formation: Factors and Processes

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  1. Soils Lindsay Rogers Nebraska Game & Parks Commission

  2. Soil Forming Factors Parent Material Climate Precipitation Temperature Biota Topography Time

  3. Soil Forming Factors Parent Material What the soil is made from will determine what kind of soil it becomes and what kinds of minerals the soil contains.

  4. Soil Forming Factors • Climate • Precipitation • water erosion • humid areas… more leaching • more moisture encourages vegetation … leads to greater organic matter

  5. Soil Forming Factors • Climate • Temperature • warmer areas have more erosion • decomposition happens faster in warmer areas… leads to more organic material

  6. Soil Forming Factors Biota Microorganisms help decompose organic material. Burrowing animals effect soil horizons

  7. Soil Forming Factors Topography Steep hills vs. slopes Depressions in the soil Hill dorection

  8. Soil Forming Factors Time All soil development requires time… the amount of time depends on the other soil forming factors.

  9. Soil Organisms Worms

  10. Soil Organisms Mites

  11. Soil Organisms Centipedes & Millipedes

  12. Soil Organisms Bacteria

  13. Soil Organisms Spiders

  14. Soil Organisms Nematodes

  15. Soil Organisms Slug and Snails

  16. Soil Organisms Other Animals

  17. Questions?

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