Low

1. 26 September 2007 Kim Slowe, Cornhill Estates Low/Zero Carbon Homes A Developer�s Perspective

2. Cornhill Estates A Poundbury based development company that specialises in sustainable and energy Efficient development. We build approximately 100 Units per annum (residential/office/retail/leisure). Almost all our homes are built to a BREEAM EcoHomes Excellent standard and incorporate renewable technologies

3. A Cornhill Estates venture to provide sustainable solutions to developers, house builders, self builders and home owners A one stop shop for: Project design Cost effective solutions Advice based on experience Architectural design EcoHomes assessment Supply of technologies Full range of technologies High stock levels Installation of technologies National chain of installers Single warranty

4. Some Past Projects

5. Parkside - Poundbury 5 Houses and 6 Apartments EcoHomes Excellent Rainwater Harvesting Photovoltaic Roof tiles Solar Water Heating Heat Recovery Ventilation Sheep�s Wool Loft Insulation

7. Upton, Northampton 204 Units to EcoHomes Excellent Rain Water Harvesting to all houses Solar Heating to All Houses Green Roofs to Apartments 25 Units with Photovoltaics Heat Recovery Ventilation SUDS

14. Code for Sustainable Homes Graded Code 1 � Code 6 Broadly based on the earlier BREEAM EcoHomes scheme Codes 1-3 can generally be achieved without renewables. Code 4 and above require renewables. Does not take account of thermal mass and summer overheating. Modern Methods of Construction required to achieve the zero carbon Codes 5/6.

15. Code Categories Energy Water Materials Surface Water Runoff Waste Pollution Health and Well Being Management Ecology

16. Energy Code 1 - 10% improvement over Building Regulations Code 2 - 18% improvement over Building Regulations Code 3 - 25% improvement over Building Regulations Code 4 - 44% improvement over Building Regulations Code 5 - 100% improvement over Building Regulations (heating� lighting-hot water) Code 6 - Zero Carbon including appliances

17. Minimising Requirement for Heat & Electricity Building orientation Solar gain Suitability of the building for renewable technologies Terraces versus detached Insulation Wall/floor/window construction/design Wall thickness Window design Thermal mass of the building Low energy lighting and appliances Rainwater harvesting Drying spaces Utility rooms Showers instead of baths

18. All new homes in England will have to be carbon neutral by 2016

19. Renewable Technologies Wind Solar Photovoltaic Solar Thermal Ground Source Heat Pumps Biomass Boilers Combined Heat & Power

20. Wind Turbines Wind turbines start at 400 watts and go up to many megawatts Only work when the wind blows Not easily installed on houses Work better when at the top of tall towers Do not like turbulent air Can be noisy

21. Micro Wind Turbines

23. Solar Photovoltaics You need at least a 6 KW array on a 4 bedroom house for the house to be self sufficient for electricity Cost prohibitive at typically �30K+ Most UK homes can only fit 2 KW�s on their roofs The roof has to be within 45 degrees of South

25. Solar Thermal Relatively inexpensive to install Can meet all of a home�s summer hot water needs Can only meet a small percentage of winter hot water needs Does not meet a home�s central heating requirements Has to be installed within 45 degrees of South

27. Ground Source Heat Pumps Need a large plot for the collector Borehole collectors are much more expensive Work best with under floor heating Need electricity to make them work Expensive to install

28. Biomass Heating Relatively cheap to install Biomass boilers need space for the hopper Most work on wood pellets which can be hard to get Not maintenance free

29. Combined Heat and Power Domestic combined heat and power systems are not reliable and run on gas District CHP systems are large, expensive and still relatively unreliable Difficult balance between heat output and electrical output

30. Zero Carbon - Poundbury New scheme starting spring 2008 15 apartments, 7 houses, 3 office suites Zero carbon Traditional architecture Electricity from a regional biomass CHP plant Heat from wood pellet stoves with back boilers Construction method to be determined at a seminar in late October

31. Zero Carbon - Poundbury

32. Zero Carbon - Poundbury

33. Zero Carbon - Poundbury

34. The Cost of Code for Sustainable Homes level 3 Typical �280,000 3 bedroom home Wall Construction to 0.22 U-value �3,000 Additional window insulation �2,000 Additional floor/loft insulation �1,000 FSC timber etc. �NIL Dual Flush Loos/Spray taps �100 Bicycle stowage �300 Recycling facilities �100 �A� rated appliances �NIL Home Offices �100 Drying Space �20 Efficient Heating System �NIL Low energy Lighting �100 Recycling of site waste �1,000 Total Cost - �7,720 (3% of sale price)

35. Technology Costs Technologies reduce Carbon Dioxide emissions and reduce the need for energy generated from fossil fuels. They are not essential to achieve Code 3 or lower but are required for Code 4 and above. Typical additional developer technology costs on a 4 bedroom new build: Rainwater Harvesting �2,300 (up to 55% of water usage) Vacuum Tube Solar Heating �3,000 (Up to 80% hot water needs) Photovoltaic Roof System �7,000 (with 50% grant) (Up to 50% electricity needs) Heat Recovery Ventilation �2,300 Micro CHP �1,000 (Up to 30% electricity needs) Wind Turbine �1,500 - �3,000 (Up to 70% electricity needs) Sheep�s Wool Loft Insulation �600 Heat Pump - �10,000 (1 unit of electricity produces 4 units of heat) Wood Pellet Boiler - �3,500 (Saves over one third on heating bills)

36. Architecture and Zero Carbon Settlements

38. Questions ?