Smart Community Vision in Japan

1. Smart Community Vision in Japan Osamu Onodera NEDO Silicon Valley Office

2. Why “Smart Grid” in Japan ■　3Es = Energy, Environment and Economy ■　CO2 = CO2/Energy (de-fossilization) X Energy/GDP (energy efficiency) X GDP ■ Increase “Renewable Energy / Primary Energy Supply” to 9.0% in 2020 and to 11.6% in 2030 About 20 times higher than in 2005 For residential use: About 5.3 million houses 28 million kW (7 million kl) Technological Development of the system is necessary 14 million kW (3.5 million kl) About 10 times higher than in 2005 Start of buyback system Houses: about 70% For residential use: About 320,000 houses 1.4 million kW (350,000 kl) Non-houses: about 30% Houses: About 80% Start of subsidy for residential photovoltaic generation Non-houses: About 20% 2005 2020

3. Strategic Energy Plan of Japan • Zero emission power source ratio will become approx. 70% (34% currently) with increased renewable energy and nuclear energy. Zero emission power source 34% Aprrox. 20% Aprrox. 40% Zero emission power source approx. 70% Aprrox. 20% Aprrox. 50% Aprrox. 20% Aprrox. 10% Aprrox. 10% Aprrox. 10% Aprrox. 10%

4. Challenges of “Smart Grid” in Japan • Some challenges of large scale intermittent and distributed renewable energy are • - Increase in voltage limit violations, instability of frequency and uncertainty of balancing • Combination of technology and regulatory framework as the solution Output Hold down ～　－ ～　－ ～　－ load load load load feeder station Voltage 100/200V 6６00V Power flow Reverse power flow(from PV) With Reverse power flow １０７Ｖ appropriate level of voltage Voltage No reverse power flow ９５Ｖ (101 6V) Distance from transfer Reverse power flow from grid voltage rising Increase in voltage limit violations Large solar photovoltaic power generation

5. NEDO efforts to integrate renewable energy (2000-2010) Battery for wind power Clustered PV Mega solar Tomamae City Battery storage building for Winvilla wind farm Wakkanai, Hokuto City Large-scale PV power generation system Ota City Demonstration site Smart Grid Elements Battery technologies Micro grid Power quality Development of electric energy storage system for grid connection with new energy resources Aichi, Hachinohe, Kyotango Verification of grid stabilization Maebashi, Sendai Establishing system control for power quality

6. Major pilot projects in Japan 4 large scale and cutting-edge pilot projects on smart community. “Community energy management system (CEMS)” combining HEMS, BEMS, EVs, PVs and Batteries. Kyoto Keihanna District (R&D focus) (Kansai Research Institute, Doshisha, Yamate, Sustainable Urban City Council, Kyoto and other local govts, Utilities ‘Smart tap’which visualizes energy consumption control home electronics energy usage. ‘Electric power virtual coloring’ technology actualizes total home energy management system. Yokohama City (Large Urban Area) (Yokohama, Accenture, Toshiba, Nissan Motor, Panasonic, Meidensha, Tokyo Electric Power, Tokyo Gas) Energy management system which integrates HEMS, BEMS, EV PV（27000kW）Use of heat and unused energy 4000 Smart houses, 2000EVs Kitakyushu-City (Industrial City) (Kitakyushu City Government, Nippon Steel, IBM Japan, Fuji Electric Systems) Real-time management in 70 companies and 200 houses Energy management by HEMS, BEMS Energy systemwhich integrates demand-side management and high energy system. Toyota City (Regional City) (Toyota City, Toyota Motor, Utilities, Denso, Sharp, Fujitsu, Toshiba, KDDI, Circle K Sunkus, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Dream Incubator) Use of heat and unused energy as well as electricity Demand response with more than 70 home 3100EV, V to H, to G

7. December 2010 International Projects • ＜Spain＞ • CDTI(Smart Grids, EV) • ＜China＞ • Gongqing Cheng <NDRC, National Energy Administration, Jiangxi>(Smart Grids) • Beijing< National Energy Administration, The Chinese Academy of Sciences >(Smart Grids) • Shanghai< The Chinese Academy of Sciences >(ZEB) • Beijing<NDRC>(ITS) • ＜EC＞ • DGR(PV) • ＜USA＞ • NM(Smart Grid) • Hawaii・Okinawa(ZEB, Smart Grids) • NY (ZEB etc) • National Laboratory(Energy Conservation Buildings, Battery, Fuel Cells etc) • ＜England＞ • DECC (Smart Grids) • ＜France＞ • ADEME(Smart Grids, ZEB) • OSEO(Green Chemistry etc) • ＜Germany＞ • BMU, BMWi(Smart Grids, EV) • BMBF(Battery) • NOW(Fuel Cells) Europe • ＜Swiss＞ • OPET(Industrial technologies) United States China India • ＜Worldwide＞ • World Bank(Cooperation projects) • ＜Myanmar＞ • Min. of Agriculture and Irrigation (rice husk) Middle East, North Africa • ＜Tunisia＞ • Min. of Industry & Technology(Solar energy) • ＜Cambodia＞ • Min. of Industry, Mines, & Energy(Agriculture recourses) Southeast Asia • ＜Thailand＞ • Min. of Industry(Pinch Technology, Eco-town) • ＜Turkey＞ • Min. of Energy & Natural Resources(ZEB, mini hydro etc) • ＜Vietnam＞ • MONRE(Waste) • MOIT(Smart Industrial Park) • ＜ Morocco ＞ • Min. of Energy, Mines, Water & Environment • (Solar energy) • ＜Saudi Arabia ＞ • Ministry of Commerce and Industry(Water) Australia • ＜Malaysia＞ • Min. of Energy, Green Technology, & Water(Smart Grids) • ＜Australia＞ • QLD state (Water) • ＜Singapore＞ • NRF,EDB(ZEB, Smart Grids, Water, Cooperation in Third Countries) • ＜UAE＞ • Ras al-Khaimah (Water) • MASDAR(Solar cooling) • ＜India＞ • DMIC(Solar power, Smart Grids) • ＜Indonesia＞ • Min. of Energy & Mineral Resources(Smart Industrial Park) • ＜Worldwide＞ • IRENA(Enforcement of Asian function,Cooperation projects)