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Reproduction of Cells

Reproduction of Cells. Cell. DNA. Double-Stranded. DNA. DNA Replication. centromere. homologous chromosomes. A Pair of Homologous Chromosomes. Chromosome structure. Chromosome consists of two identical halves Each half is a chromatid

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Reproduction of Cells

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  1. Reproduction of Cells

  2. Cell

  3. DNA

  4. Double-Stranded DNA

  5. DNA Replication

  6. centromere homologous chromosomes A Pair of Homologous Chromosomes

  7. Chromosome structure Chromosome consists of two identical halves • Each half is a chromatid • Formed when DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division • Each new cell will receive one chromatid from each chromosome • Chromatids are held together by a centromere

  8. A Chromosome After Replication

  9. DNA Replication • Each parent strand remains intact • Every DNA molecule is half “old” and half “new” Old strand Old strand

  10. DNA replication Parent DNA strand

  11. DNA replication – helix unzips

  12. DNA replication – helix unzips Two identical daughter strands

  13. Human Chromosomes

  14. Human Chromosomal Pairs 23 pairs autosomes Sex chromosomes

  15. Cell Cycle

  16. The Cell Cycle Centrioles replicate

  17. The Cell Cycle Interphase- 75% of cell life cycle G1: rapid growth S: DNA replicates ; centrioles replicate. G2: cell prepares for cell division; microtubular structures form.

  18. The Cell Cycle Cell Division Mitosis: cell divides its nuclear components (chromosomes). Cytokinesis: cell divides its cytoplasmic components.

  19. Stages of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

  20. Interphase

  21. Prophase Early centrioles

  22. Prophase late

  23. centrioles nucleus Centrioles During Prophase

  24. Metaphase

  25. chromosomal fibers polar fibers sister chromatids Metaphase

  26. Chromosome at Metaphase

  27. Anaphase

  28. Telophase

  29. Cytokinesis cleavage furrow

  30. Cytokinesis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6hn3sA0ip0

  31. Inquiry INQUIRY • Which cells in the body are diploid and which are haploid? • During which stage does DNA replication occur? • Which stage of mitosis is seen in this picture? • At which stage is the cell binuclear? • In which phase do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell? • Where does the kinetochore attach?

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