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Building Scientific Knowledge through Observation and Deduction

This lesson focuses on developing scientific questions, forming hypotheses, and reflecting on the importance of curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism in science.

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Building Scientific Knowledge through Observation and Deduction

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  1. Essential Question: How is science built on evidence that can be observed or deduced from the natural world? Students Will Be Able To (SWBAT): • Develop scientific questions using science scenarios. • Form a hypothesis using science scenarios • Develop a hypothesis using a “If..then.. Because format. • Reflect on the lesson using Enrichment Questions.

  2. Today’s Standards S8CS1. • Explore the importance of curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism in science and will exhibit these traits in their own efforts to understand how the world works. S8CS1B • Understand that hypotheses can be valuable, even if they turn out not to be completely accurate.

  3. Journal Entry (6min) Choose one of the Enrichment Questions to write about for yesterday’s lesson on forming/ developing a Scientific Question. • Look back at your notes, if necessary. • Write using complete sentences. • Be very specific with your response.

  4. Step 3. Developing a Hypothesis • An educated guess based on the question that you have asked. • Your conclusion either supports or refutes your hypothesis. • You predict what will happen when you hypothesize. • You use an "If....then…because”, statement to convey a hypothesis.

  5. Example Introduction: What makes a "Class Champion" thumb wrestler? Does thumb diameter, length, or wrist diameter have an effect on the overall chances of winning a thumb wrestling match? In this investigation we will develop a hypothesis based on physical data collected from our classmates. We will then test this hypothesis by conducting a thumb wrestling tournament to determine an overall "Class Champion". Investigatory Question: Which of the above measurements will be most beneficial in a thumb war?

  6. How to write a proper hypothesis? • If (Restate the question as a statement) Ex. If 4 students were to participate in a thumb wrestling match • Then (What do you think will happen) Ex. Then the student with the longest thumb length will win, • Because (Why do you think this will happen) Ex. Becausehe will be able to reach over a grasp his opponents thumb.

  7. Turn and Talk What is the purpose of having a hypothesis before you start your experiment? Why do you think scientist need it?

  8. Group Work (10min) • Talk with the students in your group to develop two possible hypotheses for the following: • Introduction: What makes a "Class Champion" thumb wrestler? Does thumb diameter, length, or wrist diameter have an effect on the overall chances of winning a thumb wrestling match? In this investigation we will develop a hypothesis based on physical data collected from our classmates. We will then test this hypothesis by conducting a thumb wrestling tournament to determine an overall "Class Champion". Investigatory Question: Which of the above measurements will be most beneficial in a thumb war? Why?

  9. Group Work In your groups, read the following science based scenarios. • Develop a hypothesis for each scenario that would lead to having a science experiment using the questions provided.

  10. Enrichment (Exit Slip) On a separate sheet of paper…… • Select one of the enrichment questions to answer for today’s lesson. (Reflection) ***This is a measurement of what you learned today.***

  11. Homework • Please finish the handout. “Developing scientific hypothesis” • Due Aug 15, 2014

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