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Geography

Geography. Much of the area is hills and low mountains Large areas are covered in forests Thin, rocky soil makes farming difficult Fishing off the coast is some of the best in the world Winters are long and snowy; summers are short and warm Helped the colonists catch fewer diseases.

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Geography

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  1. Geography • Much of the area is hills and low mountains • Large areas are covered in forests • Thin, rocky soil makes farming difficult • Fishing off the coast is some of the best in the world • Winters are long and snowy; summers are short and warm • Helped the colonists catch fewer diseases

  2. Puritans in Massachusetts Bay • Like Pilgrims, Puritans disagreed with the Church of England • Instead of separate they wanted to change it • Many held prominent positions in English life but persecution led them to give them up

  3. In 1630, 900 Puritans made the voyage to America • Formed Massachusetts Bay Company and got charter to settle Massachusetts and New Hampshire • Lawyer John Winthropewas leader who believed Puritan life should be an example • “…we shall be as a City upon a Hill.”

  4. Boston became the main city located on a great harbor • By 1643, 20,000 people lived in Mass. Bay Colony • Colony had an elected assembly called the General Court • Each town sent representatives • Only adult male members of Puritan church could vote • Members of General Court and Governor were elected each year • Colony was founded for Puritans to worship as they pleased but did not have toleration for other beliefs

  5. New Colonies • Religious disagreements led to other New England colonies being founded • Roger Williamswas forced to leave Massachusetts Bay • believed that Puritans should split with the Church of England • Thought natives should be paid for their land • Believed that church should be separated from government

  6. Williams bought land from natives to found the city of Providence in Rhode Island • Rhode Island received a charter and allowed all people to practice religion freely • Anne Hutchinson was kicked out of Massachusetts for questioning Puritan teachings • Ended up settling in Rhode Island

  7. Thomas Hooker disagreed with Puritan leaders, left Massachusetts and settled Connecticut • Hundreds followed and Connecticut received a charter from the king granting self-government • Settlers created Fundamental Orders of Connecticut that set up elected legislature and governor

  8. John Wheelright was forced to leave Massachusetts and settled New Hampshire • Eventually received charter from king

  9. Puritan towns became centers of democratic thinking • Town meetings were held to decide local issues • Only male heads of households • Set taxes and elected officials • Allowed people to speak their minds • Families earned their livings different ways • Farming • Leather making • Fishing • shipbuilding

  10. By 1670, the Native American population had fell to 1/10th the size of 100 years earlier • Metacom, or King Philip, led natives against English expansion • Destroyed 12 towns and killed thousands in a year • English with help of natives captured and killed Metacom • Allowed English to expand westward

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