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Study to examine the links between corruption and organised crime

Study to examine the links between corruption and organised crime. Tihomir Bezlov and Philip Gounev Center for the Study of Democracy Blagoevgrad , 28 February 2013. Content. Goals and objectives Methodology Organised crime and corruption Institutional perspectives

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Study to examine the links between corruption and organised crime

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  1. Study to examine the links between corruption and organised crime TihomirBezlov and Philip Gounev Center for the Study of Democracy Blagoevgrad, 28 February 2013

  2. Content • Goals and objectives • Methodology • Organised crime and corruption • Institutional perspectives • Market perspectives • Member state perspectives • Case studies • Recommendations

  3. Objectives • Take stock of existing studies on the link • Identify the factors that bring about the use of corruption by organised crime within the public and private sectors • provide a framework for future assessment of the trends in the how corruption is used by organised crime • provide a framework for future assessment of the effectiveness of the various preventive and repressive measures

  4. Scope: defining ‘organised crime’

  5. Research methods • Statistical data: • 105 indicators / indexes Data sources • 156 interviews • (law-enforcement, judiciary, private sector, academics, journalists, anti-corruption authorities) • Literature • review • Semi-structured interviews • 6 country studies • (FR, NL, EL, BG, IT, ES) • Institutions: • Police • Judiciary • Customs • Political Data analysis • Illegal Markets: • Cigarettes • THB • Car-theft • Extortion Private sector MS clusters • Cluster / neural network • analysis

  6. Defining the link

  7. Corruption and Corruption and GDP

  8. Statistical evidence: country clusters

  9. Statistical evidence: country clusters Weak link b/w corruption & OC Strong link b/w corruption & OC

  10. Issues with statistical evidence and clusters • Unreliable data (no index on ‘organised crime’) • Data on corruption measures primarily perceptions / petty corruption • No explanations to describe the nature of the relationship • (many factors are not / are difficult to measure statistically) • Difficult clustering (unclear boundaries between clusters; single-country clusters)

  11. Institutions and corruption • Police • Judiciary • Political corruption • Customs administration and tax administration • Other institutions (depending on OC activity) • Museums (antiquities market) • Ministries of agriculture / forest services (illegal logging) • Ministries of economy / trade (arms trafficking)

  12. Institutions and corruption

  13. Police • corruption Institutions and corruption

  14. Illegal market / OC activity and corruption

  15. Police corruption

  16. Police corruption

  17. Trafficking in human beings and corruption

  18. Further information www.csd.bg http://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/doc_centre/crime/docs/study_on_links_between_organised_crime_and_corruption_en.pdf TihomirBezlov t.bezlov@csd.bg Philip Gounev philip.gounev@csd.bg

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