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Population. Population. Consent to rule B asic needs met National identity Culturally and historically similar Feel a communal bond Want recognition Possible self-governance Nation-state v. nation. Few States are Homogeneous = Problems. Population Issues. 3 Problems
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Population • Consent to rule • Basic needs met • National identity • Culturally and historically similar • Feel a communal bond • Want recognition • Possible self-governance • Nation-statev. nation
Population Issues 3 Problems • One state, multiple nations • <20% are nation-states • Africa: 107 nations/ 54 states • One nation across multiple states • Nation without a state ¤
Problem 1: One State, Multiple Nations • Ethnic Groups • Pashtun 42% • Tajik 27% • Hazara 9% • Uzbek 9% • Ismaili 4% • Nuristani 4% • Turkmen 3% • Baluchi 2%
African Heterogeneity http://www.artheos.org/cgi-bin/get.pl?c0=&c1=&c2=&lang=eng&pg=1&O=2126&P=2015
Problem 2: One Nation across States • Somalia • Irredentism • Star on flag • British Somaliland • Italian Somaliland • Djibouti • Kenya • Ethiopia
Problem 3: Nation without a State • Nations • Kurds • 1 nation, 7 states • Chechnyas • Basques • Québecois • Others?
Language in Latvia • What is the situation in Latvia? • How is this situation a population issue? • Nationalism • Public forum to discuss issues • Forcing Latvian language in public schools minority unrest • Outcome: rejected making Russian official language http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17083397 • Ethnic Russians = 1/3 population • Required to learn Latvian for citizenship ¤