Native Tribes

3. Chicago– derived from native American term “chicagoua” – meaning - ‘the place of the smelly onion’

4. Native Tribes • No tribe lived here year round • Miami – primary tribe in area during 17th Century • Potawatomi – later replaced Miami • Illinois and Ojibwa groups knew of the area • Mud Lake – Swampy area connecting Des Plaines River and Chicago River until 1900 when it was filled in by Chicagoans

6. Early French Explorers • Louis Jolliet (French trader and explorer) and Jacques Marquette (Jesuit Missionary) • 1673 – Searched for passage to Pacific Ocean • Traveled most of Mississippi River and on return, stopped on SW edge of Lake Michigan • First Europeans to Chicago

8. “The first white man to settle in Chicago was black” • Jean Baptiste Point de Sable • Part African and French • Born in Haiti • 1770s – 1780s – First established Chicago resident – fur trader • Lived on north bank of Chicago river with family – Pottawatomie wife and two children

9. Chicago 1833 – Incorporated as village

10. Early Chicago Key Dates • 1803 – Fort Dearborn established • 1803 – John Kinzie “Father of Chicago” arrives • 1836 – Native Americans defeated by Americans in Blackhawk War • 1833 – Chicago incorporated as a village (350 residents) • 1837 – Chicago incorporates as a city (4,000 residents)

11. Late 1700s

12. Approximately 1833 – population 350

13. City incorporated – March 4, 1837 No maps exist, however population reached 5,000 by 1837

14. 1868 – One year prior to the building of Saint Ignatius College