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Vaccines

Vaccines. GET THE FULL STORY . Prerequisites for this activity. Read Chapter 29 Immunology in textbook Know the components of a virus (capsid, DNA/RNA, envelope, etc.) Understand the process of viral replication (illustrated in infographic 29.1)

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Vaccines

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  1. Vaccines GET THE FULL STORY

  2. Prerequisites for this activity • Read Chapter 29 Immunology in textbook • Know the components of a virus (capsid, DNA/RNA, envelope, etc.) • Understand the process of viral replication (illustrated in infographic 29.1) • Complete homework/pre-quiz questions about viruses

  3. Pre-class assignment • http://qualtrics.com/research-suite/#academic

  4. Learning goals By the end of this activity, students will understand: • The principles behind how vaccination works • The benefits of vaccination

  5. Learning objectives By the end of this activity, students will have learned: • The common components of viruses • What an antigen is • How viruses and their components are used to make vaccines • What primary and secondary antibody responses are and how they are generated during vaccination

  6. Activities Clicker question 1 Viruses can replicate only in host cells because they … • Do not have the cellular machinery required for replication • Need the host cell to synthesize capsid proteins • Are pathogens • A and B • A, B and C

  7. Activities Clicker question 1 Viruses can replicate only in host cells because they … • Do not have the cellular machinery required for replication • Need the host cell to synthesize capsid proteins • Are pathogens • A and B • A, B and C

  8. Activities Clicker question 2 Identify the correct viral component: • Capsid • Glycoprotein • RNA/DNA • Polymerase • Hemaglutinin ?

  9. Activities Clicker question 2 Identify the correct viral component: • Capsid • Glycoprotein • RNA/DNA • Polymerase • Hemaglutinin ?

  10. Activities • Capsid • Glycoprotein • RNA/DNA • Polymerase • Hemaglutinin Discuss the following questions with your neighbor: • Based on what you know about viral structure, which components of a virus can be antigens? • How can this knowledge be used to create vaccines?

  11. Activities Discuss the following questions with your neighbor: • Based on what you know about viral structure, which components of a virus can be antigens?

  12. Activities Discuss the following questions with your neighbor: • Based on what you know about viral structure, which components of a virus can be antigens? • Glycoproteins • Capsid proteins • Whole virus (live, killed, attenuated)

  13. Activities Discuss the following questions with your neighbor: • Based on what you know about viral structure, which components of a virus can be antigens? • Glycoproteins • Capsid proteins • Whole virus (live, killed, attenuated) • How can this knowledge be used to create vaccines? Rabies Human papillomavirus (HPV) Hepatitis A, Influenza, MMR

  14. Primary and Secondary Immune Responses Antigen X (first exposure)

  15. Primary and Secondary Immune Responses Antigen X (second exposure) Antigen X (first exposure)

  16. Activities Case Study Anne received her seasonal flu vaccine. However, her twin sister, Mary, was not inclined to take the flu shot as she felt that she hardly ever got sick. A few days later, Mary developed flu-like symptoms, and a visit to the doctor confirmed that she had influenza. Anne came to check on Mary when she was ill, and a day later, Anne also started showing symptoms of the flu. • What reasons could explain why Anne had flu-like symptoms despite receiving the vaccine? • If Anne had become ill 45 days following her vaccine, what would this suggest? • Was there any benefit in Anne getting the flu vaccine even if she fell ill?

  17. Vaccination Resources • Instructors: On this slide, include information about where your students can get vaccines on campus or in your city • Links to university flu shot clinics • Student health websites • Local pharmacies that offer low-cost vaccinations • Link to university travel clinic with information on required/suggested vaccinations when traveling to foreign countries

  18. Chat Room Discussion On the class blog or discussion board, post a reply to one of the following discussion questions: • Why do certain vaccines require booster shots? • Why is the polio vaccine essential for children?

  19. Answers to Discussion Questions • Persistence of immunity against a particular disease may depend on the speed with which that disease typically progresses through the body. If a disease progresses very rapidly, the immune system’s memory response (that is, the “watchdog antibodies” generated after a previous infection or vaccination) may not be able to respond quickly enough to prevent infection—unless they’ve been “reminded” about the disease fairly recently and are already watching for it. Boosters serve as a “reminder” to your immune system. • Polio: The polio virus attacks nerve cells and destroys them. Since nerve cells do not regenerate like other cells in our body, this can cause permanent damage. Hence it is important for children to receive the polio vaccine. http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/top-20-questions-about-vaccination

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