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The Atom

The Atom. Part 1. Inside the nucleus. Inside an atom. Atoms are made of 3 sub-atomic particles Protons Mass = 1 amu (atomic mass unit) Charge = positive Neutrons Mass = 1 amu (atomic mass unit) Charge = neutral (no charge) Electrons Mass = too small Charge = negative.

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The Atom

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  1. The Atom Part 1

  2. Inside the nucleus Inside an atom • Atoms are made of 3 sub-atomic particles • Protons • Mass = 1 amu (atomic mass unit) • Charge = positive • Neutrons • Mass = 1 amu (atomic mass unit) • Charge = neutral (no charge) • Electrons • Mass = too small • Charge = negative

  3. Atoms are made of 3 subatomic particles: • Protons (+) • Neutrons (o) • Electrons (-) Electrons are 2000 times smaller than protons and neutrons!!!!

  4. Reading the Squares: Atomic Number = Protons PROTONSIDENTIFY THE ELEMENT!!! ATOMIC NUMBER 6 C 12.011 Carbon

  5. Reading the Squares: 1st letter Capitalized 2nd letter Lowercase Gold - Au Iodine - I Helium - He 6 C 12.011 Carbon ATOMIC SYMBOL

  6. Reading the Squares: Round to the nearest whole number to calculate neutrons 12.011 = 12 6 C 12.011 Carbon ATOMIC MASS

  7. Mass =Protons+ Neutrons Round to the nearest whole number to calculate neutrons 12.011 = 12 12 = 6 + ? 6 C 12.011 Carbon ATOMIC MASS

  8. Neutrons = Mass -Protons Round to the nearest whole number to calculate neutrons 12.011 = 12 12 – 6 = 6 neutrons 6 C 12.011 Carbon ATOMIC MASS

  9. Counting Atoms • Atoms are always NEUTRAL (have no charge) • That means that the # of protons (+)is equal tothe # of electrons (-)

  10. Ions • Atoms with an electrical charge are called IONS • Ions have a DIFFERENT number of electrons and protons • For example: • an element with 5 protons and 6 electrons is an ion because: #protons≠#electrons

  11. Ions • Ions with a positive charge are called cations • Ionswith a negative charge are calledanions • To calculate the charge of an ion: Charge = # protons - # electrons

  12. APE MAN • Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons • Mass = Atomic Number – Neutrons

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