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AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE

THE RENAISSANCE. AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE. VOCABULARY. HUMANISM SECULAR PATRON PERSPECTIVE VERNACULAR PRINTING PRESS GUTTENBERG BIBLE. Why Italy?. Crusaders passed goods through

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AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE

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  1. THE RENAISSANCE AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE

  2. VOCABULARY • HUMANISM • SECULAR • PATRON • PERSPECTIVE • VERNACULAR • PRINTING PRESS • GUTTENBERG BIBLE

  3. Why Italy? • Crusaders passed goods through • Took lead while England & France fought Hundred Years War • Roman heritage all about them • Thriving city-states and merchants

  4. Merchants & The Medici Family • Northern Italy highly urbanized • Merchants were wealthiest class and dominated politics of city-states • Success through merit – not birth • Medici family were supreme patrons

  5. THE RENAISSANCE MAN • CHARMING, WITTY, WELL-EDUCATED IN THE CLASSICS OF GREECE AND ROME • HE SHOULD BE ABLE TO DANCE, SING AND PLAY MANY INSTRUMENTS • HE SHOULD COMPOSE MUSIC AND POETRY • HE SHOULD BE ATHLETIC, A SKILLED RIDER AND TRAINED IN THE ART OF WAR • ABOVE ALL ELSE, A RENAISSANCE MAN WILL HAVE POISE, GRACE AND SELF-CONTROL

  6. THE RENAISSANCE WOMAN • A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE SKILLED IN THE CLASSICS AND BE CHARMING AS WELL • A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WILL INSPIRE ART BUT NOT CREATE IT HERSELF • A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE MUCH MORE WORLDLY (SECULAR) THAN HER MEDIEVAL CONTERPART

  7. THE QUNTESEENTIAL RENAISSANCE MAN • LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452 – 1519) • HE WAS A SCULPTOR, PAINTER, INVENTOR, SCIENTIST, POLITICIAN, ANATOMIST, BIOLOGIST, BOTANIST • HIS FAMOUS WORK “THE MONA LISA” IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE REALISM IN RENAISSANCE ART

  8. MICHAELANGELO • MICHAELANGELO WAS ALSO A POET, PAINTER, SCULPTOR AND ARCHIETECT • HIS MAJOR WORKS INCLUDE “DAVID”, THE SISTINE CHAPEL AND THE DOME OF ST. PETER’S BASCILLICA

  9. RAPHAEL (1483 – 1520) • Advanced realism in art. • “Madonna” and “Baby Jesus” reflect that religious themes were still popular, but declining. • His work “School of Athens” is a great homage to Greek culture. It was painted in the Pope’s library

  10. http://www.vhinkle.com/renaissance/raphael.html

  11. RENAISSANCE LITERATURE • Renaissance literature was much more secular than religious themed literature • Self-expression, individualism, “how to” books were often topics along poetry • Renaissance writers • Wrote in vernacular • Used printing press • Read by wider audiences

  12. MACHIEVELLI • The first European political scientist • Made guidelines for successful rulers • His book “The Prince” (1513) shows humans as fickle, selfish and corrupt. • “The ends justify the means” • No morals or ethics – only results

  13. PETRARCH One of the earliest humanists Exceptional poet especially sonnets (14 line poems)

  14. BOCCACCIO Wrote “Decameron” an off-color story of secular, Florentine youths who wait out the plague. Presents the characters as human and fallible

  15. THE RENAISSANCE HEADS TO NORTHERN EUROPE • Trade routes helped to spread the Renaissance ideals from the city states of Northern Italy to the nations of England, France and Germany • The Hundred Years War also helped the cultural diffusion that was rapidly integrating the continent

  16. Christian Humanists Erasmus Emphasized Bible study – not rituals Thomas More Wrote “Utopia” about an ideal society of no war, famine, greed or corruption

  17. ALBERT DURER • He produced woodcuts and engravings often of a religious theme or a mythological theme

  18. HANS HOLBEIN • A portrait painter that produced almost life like detail – the style of “realism”

  19. JAN VAN ECYK • He helped to spark the realism movement which portrayed people in everyday life • He also developed the layering techniques of applying layers of paints to produce shades and hues that were more accurate and true to life

  20. PETER BRUGEL • Famous for his paintings of common life – weddings, peasants, dances, harvests.

  21. THE MAN, THE MYTH, THE LEGEND: SHAKESPEARE • The greatest playwright of the English language he explored and expressed “the human condition” in riveting dramas, comedies and tragedies • Gave “voice” to the Elizabethan Age

  22. Romeo & Juliet Romeo & Juliet, a tragedy is adapted from the politics and intrigues of the Medicci family Has become a classic of theatre

  23. Printing Press • Johann Guttenberg around 1440 in Germany • Movable type was a Chinese invention • Made knowledge distribution cheaper, accurate and fast sparking literacy

  24. Legacy of the Renaissance • Greco Roman revival • Vernacular usage • Celebration of the individual • Encouraged a questioning spirit • Greater knowledge / literacy and desire for learning • Law and commerce and cartography expand • Christian humanists attempt reforms of society

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