1 / 14

Procedural Learning in HIV+ and HIV- Individuals with Substance Dependence

This study explores procedural learning in individuals with HIV and substance dependence, focusing on striatal damage and the impact of substance use. Results suggest poorer performance in HIV+ individuals and an interaction between substance use severity and HIV status.

kyria
Download Presentation

Procedural Learning in HIV+ and HIV- Individuals with Substance Dependence

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Procedural Learning among HIV+ and HIV- individuals with Substance Dependence R. Gonzalez, J. Jacobus, J.W. Rodriguez, E.H. Fakhoury, E.M. Martin

  2. Brief Background • HIV is associated with striatal damage • Substance use affects striatal systems • Striatum is critical for procedural learning • Procedural learning in HIV & substance use • A. Martin et al., (1993) • Kalechstein et al., (1998) • Van Gorp et al., (1999) • Waldrop et al., (2001)

  3. Try to guess “sun” or “rain” based on cards Participants are not told probability structure 4 trial blocks, 50 cards each PL Measures Mirror Tracing (MT) Pursuit Rotor (PR) • Trace star seeing only mirror image • Go quickly, stay inside lines • 4 trial blocks, 2 trials each • DV = time to complete • Follow light around circle • 55 rpm • 4 trial blocks, 2 20s trials each • DV = seconds on target Weather Prediction (WP)

  4. Performance Indices | General Deficit (Main Effect) | PL Deficit (Group X Time) | # Errors Performance on PL Tasks Control Group Learning Performance Clinical Group Time (Trial Blocks)

  5. Hypotheses • HIV+ participants: • poorer performance, overall, on measures of PL • General Deficit • less improvement in performance over time on PL tasks • PL Deficit • More severe substance use: • poorer performance overall and with poorer PL • Interaction between HIV and substance use

  6. Participants • 79 adults with history of cocaine and/or heroin dependence • HIV- : n = 33 • HIV+: n = 46 • Negative u-tox & alcohol breath test • No cocaine or heroin use in last 7 days • No current abuse or dependence for EtOH and other drugs • No history of severe thought disorder or unmedicated bipolar disorder • No history of significant loss of consciousness or neurological problems

  7. Demographics Psychiatric & Medical

  8. Substance Use Parameters

  9. Summary of Results Mirror Tracing HIV Main Effect: HedgesES = 0.65, 95%CI [0.20, 1.11] Significant 3-way interactions

  10. PR Interaction Effect HIV + HIV – PR change PR change KMSK KMSK n = 33 n = 46 R2 = .03, p = .24 R2 = .16, p = .02 ↑ improvement in PR was associated with history of ↑severe drug use [only for HIV- subjects]

  11. MT Interaction Effect HIV + HIV – MT change MT change KMSK KMSK n = 33 n = 46 R2 = .03, p = .26 R2 = .12, p = .05 ↑ improvement in MT was associated with history of ↑severe drug use [only for HIV- subjects]

  12. Summary • HIV+ subjects generally performed worse, overall, on PL tasks • Significant differences on Mirror Tracing • Evidence suggests general deficit • History of substance use severity and HIV serostatus interacted to affect procedural learning

  13. Possible Explanations • Supersensitivity of striatal dopamine receptors • Process disrupted by HIV • HIV+ participants fairly “healthy” • Control group consisted of individuals with substance dependence • Amount of striatal damage not sufficient for functional deficits • HIV deficits are “spotty” affecting multiple systems

  14. Acknowledgements • NIDA • F32 DA018522 (RG) • R01 DA12828 (EMM) • University of Illinois Chicago, Dept. of Psychiatry • HIV & Addictions Neuroscience • Eileen Martin, PhD • Jasmin Vassileva, PhD • Pyrai Vaughn • Elizabeth Walczak • Leslie Ladd • Sarah Wicks

More Related