The EXER-STATION “Concept”

1. TheEXER-STATION“Concept” Group members: Tarafa M. Al-Awaj Bichar Myrtil Project advisor: Dr. Marshall Summar

2. Concept? • Project 100% operational… • Project meets 100% of criteria… • Project not yet ready for market production. Why did this happen? • 1st Project. • Lack of resources: • Time • Money • More detailed explanation will be given later...

3. Dr. Marshall Summar • Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Vanderbilt. • Associate Professor of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics at Vanderbilt. • Met in November of 2003. • Interested in helping children (ages 8-18) with the genetic disease PKU. • We gladly joined him on this mission.

4. Phenylketonuria (PKU) • Genetic disorder characterized by he absence or deficiency of an enzyme that is responsible for processing the essential amino acid phenylalanine. • Abnormal phenylalanine accumulation in the blood is toxic to brain tissue.

5. Phenylketonuria (PKU) • It is estimated that PKU occurs in one in 20,000 newborns in the United States. • Equally frequent in males and females. • ≈ 27,200 individuals in the USA.

6. PKU Effects Without treatment, most infants with PKU develop: • Mental retardation (IQ < 80), and additional neurological symptoms… • which lead to introverted children. • A low metabolism… • which leads to overweight, even obese children.

7. PKU Children • Spend almost all and any time available playing video games. • Get little or no exercise, day in day out. Compound problems and lead to deterioration of their general health and quality of life.

8. Other Pertinent Factors A large portion of PKU children share these factors in common: • Some physical limitations. • Lower socio-economic background (limited financial resources). • Parents low in motivation. • Other limited resources (e.g. education).

9. The Bigger Issue "We have noticed that children in America are tending more toward obesity [& less general fitness] than in decades past; Part of it is due to sedentary lifestyles that kids are getting into. Rather than run in the woods, they've got Game Boy, Nintendo and television." - Discovery_Channel.com/Health Dec 2003

10. Alternate Solutions • DRUG ADMINSTRATION (e.g., Amphetamines) • Adverse Psychological Effect/Damage. • Possibly Addictive (dependency). • PERSONAL TRAINER/THERAPIST • Expensive (cost factor). • Lack of Independent Motivation.

11. Ideal Solution From the IWB ideation process: Find an alternative way to obtain (exercise) that offers the following: eliminates, reduces, or prevents (weak muscles), (obesity) and (health problems), and is not influenced by (Addiction to video games) and (PKU).

12. Solution • Motivate to independently exercise. • Incorporate aerobic physical activity into video game play. • Substitute some “finger-activated” commands with “leg-activated” ones. • Allow patient to remain seated. • Aid in improving patient health and morale. _______________________________________ EXER-STATION

13. Aims 1 hour of Exer-Station = 20 minute Brisk Walk OR 4 minute Sprint OR Approximately 86 Calories!

14. Design of EXER-STATION Consists of 3 main components: • Device: • Wheel • Trainer: • Structure • Resistance • Generator • Circuit • Controller

15. Controller • Up/Down commands of the Left analog stick will be replaced by pedal motion. • All other commands will remain intact and function through hand controller. • Each analog stick controlled by two 10K pots. • 3 pins of pot are: i) Ground, ii) Signal, iii) 3.44V source. • At Center, signal = 1.72V, (range 1.35V - 2.05V) • At max Up, signal = 3.15V • At max Down, signal = .5V

16. Device: Wheel • United 24-inch Adult Trainer, Item # UNU24AT-27. • diameter = 24” • crank arm length = 6”

17. Device: Trainer & Resistance • Volare Mag Trainer w/Elastogel and Remote. • Magnetic resistance unit with 5 different levels of adjustment. • Resistance shaft diameter = 1.25” • w = 27 lbs • d1 = 14” • d2 = 17” • h = 30” • l1 = 2” • l2 = 8” • h = 30” • c = 17.5”

18. Device: DC Generator • RadioShack hobby motor, model# 273-255. • 12V DC motor. • 1.3A @ 11,500 rpm. • Produces 350mV per 100 rpm. • Coupled with shaft of resistance. Output from generator will be smoothed, summed, and scaled via the circuit to produce a DC current from 0.5V to 3.15V for maximum down/up motion of left analog stick, respectively.

19. Circuit

20. The final setup will look something like this.

21. Additional Parameters • Pedaling speed Range: 40rpm – 120rpm • Below 40:- Strains joints • Above 120:- Efficiency falls off • Ratio of wheel to resistance shaft rpm : π * dwheel : π * drs 24 : 1.25 20 : 1 • Actual ratio 18-14:1 (due to frictional slips).

22. Results • Kids play ≈ 6 hours/day • Use ≈ 100 Calories/hour • Expend ≈ 600 Calories/day!!!

23. Game Play • Design and Tested To Work Best w/ Motion Games such as 007 Agent under fire. • Or Simple Maneuver such as Pac-Man

24. TIME CHART

25. Work Remaining • Safety Issues • Aesthetics • Perf-boarding • Hardwiring • Playing, playing, and more playing.

26. BUDGET • $400 Initial Budget (from Dr. Summar) • Playstation II Console ($200) • Multiple Controllers ($75) • Three Games ($150) • Additional $350 Requested (from Dr. King’s Grant) • Leg Activated Elements • Unicycle ($125) • Mag. Trainer ($150) • DC Generator ($25) • Wires • LEDs • Chips • Circuit Board • Decorative Design/ Aesthetics • Miscellaneous

27. Concept to Market Issues to be addressed first: • Size • Adjustability • Power source • Price

28. MARKET POTENTIAL • Ages 8+ • Hospital Patients • Obese Individuals • Individuals concerned about fitness • General Video Game Audience

29. RESOURCES ADVISORS • Paul H. King, PhD., P.E.: -Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Vanderbilt. -Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Vanderbilt. -Associate Professor of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt. -Instructor of the senior Biomedical Engineering design course at Vanderbilt. • Marshall Summar, M.D.: -Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Vanderbilt. -Associate Professor of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics at Vanderbilt. VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY -lab space -machine shop -research facilities -software -help purchase necessary tools/equipment SECOND BASE -back-up location when primary lab not available