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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE. Beverly Andrews Biostatistician Caribbean Epidemiology Centre Epidemiology Division. DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT. SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. POPULATION

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE

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  1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE Beverly Andrews Biostatistician Caribbean Epidemiology Centre Epidemiology Division

  2. DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT • ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS • PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT • SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT

  3. SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT • POPULATION • EDUCATION • HEALTH • DEMOCRATIZATION AND GOVERNANCE

  4. HEALTH ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT VISION FOR HEALTH • More than the absence of disease • Includes mental, spiritual and emotional health components . • Encompasses the physical and social environment as well as the individual’s genetic makeup and lifestyle

  5. IMPACT OF HEALTH ON DEVELOPMENT • Productivity Losses • Burden of disease • Reduction in life expectancy • Allocation of financial resources to prevention and control of diseases • Travellers Health and Tourism (e.g.SARS)

  6. REGIONAL PRIORITIES FOR HEALTH • HEALTH SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT • HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT • FAMILY HEALTH • FOOD AND NUTRITION • CHRONIC NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE • MENTAL HEALTH • ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

  7. MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS GOAL 1:ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY AND HUNGER GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER WOMEN GOAL 4: REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY GOAL 5: IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH GOAL 6: COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES GOAL 7: ENSURE EVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY GOAL 8: DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT

  8. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS RELATED TO HEALTH • UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE • INFANT MORTALITY RATE • MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO • PREVALANCE AND MORTALITY RATES RELATED TO HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND TB • PROPORTION OF 1 YEARS OLD CHILDREN IMMUNISED AGAINST MEASLES • HIV PREVALENCE AMONG 15-24 YEAR OLD PREGNANT WOMEN

  9. SOURCES OF SUSTAINABLE HEALTH INDICATORS • HOSPITAL MEDICAL RECORDS • POPULATION HEALTH SURVEYS • CENSUSES • LEGAL SOURCES: BIRTH AND DEATH CERTIFICATES • EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEYS

  10. CHALLENGES WITH RESPECT TO GENERATING HEALTH DATA • Data collection instruments not standardized and comparable • Data collection instruments not accurately completed e.g. death certificates • Non standardization of coding practices in countries • Non standardized definitions of health events • Data formats for submitting data to regional agencies are not standardized. • Datedness of data

  11. CHALLENGES WITH RESPECT TO GENERATING HEALTH DATA • Under-analysis of health data by member countries • Need for revision of data collection instruments • Need for introduction of new data collection instruments • Stigma associated with reporting diseases such as HIV/AIDS on death certificates

  12. SOME STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING DATA QUALITY CHALLENGES • CAPACITY BUILDING VIA TRAINING WORKSHOPS FOR VARIOUS TARGET AUDIENCES: • PHYSICIANS, • CODERS, • STATISTICIANS, • MEDICAL RECORDS OFFICERS, • EPIDEMIOLOGISTS

  13. SOME STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING DATA QUALITY CHALLENGES • MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF HEALTH DATA SYSTEMS e.g, • vital registration systems, • communicable disease surveillance systems, • HIV/AIDS surveillance systems, • health standards in hotels • MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STRENGTHENING OF SYSTEMS

  14. SOME STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING DATA QUALITY CHALLENGES • ELECTRONIC DISCUSSION FORUMS FOR DISCUSSION OF ISSUES, METHODOLOGIES, DEFINITIONS • CARISURVNET: CLEARINGHOUSE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUES e.g. SARS

  15. SOME STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING DATA QUALITY CHALLENGES • SOFTWARE FOR CAPTURING HEALTH DATA FOR USE IN COUNTRIES: • MORTBASE : • An MS-ACCESS based data entry, validation and analysis tool for mortality data. • Software would allow for the calculation of indicators such as infant mortality

  16. SOME STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING DATA QUALITY CHALLENGES • Manuals of operations and procedures

  17. PRIORITY NEEDS FOR GENERATION OF DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS • Training programmes for physicians, statistical officers of health and epidemiologists • Survey and data analysis capacity needs strengthening in the areas of behavioural risk factor surveillance. • Building awareness among data producers about the importance of the data and data quality.

  18. PRIORITY NEEDS FOR GENERATION OF DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS • Data analysis skills need to be strengthened among statistical officers of health and epidemiologists. • Emphasis to be placed on data quality monitoring. • Need for training in data management

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