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Life After WPA. Yap Chern Nam Secretary of IEEE Computer Chapter cnyap@tp.edu.sg. Overview. What has happened? What is going on now? What is up and coming?. Why WPA/802.11i?. – Walker, “Unsafe at any Key Size” , IEEE 802.11 doc. 00-362, October 2000
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Life After WPA Yap Chern Nam Secretary of IEEE Computer Chapter cnyap@tp.edu.sg
Overview • What has happened? • What is going on now? • What is up and coming?
Why WPA/802.11i? • – Walker, “Unsafe at any Key Size” , IEEE 802.11 doc. 00-362, October 2000 • – Arbaugh, “An inductive Chosen Plaintext Attack against WEP”, IEEE 802.11 doc. 01-230, May 2001 • – Borisov, Goldberg, Wagner, “The insecurity of 802.11”,Proceedings of International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, July 2001 • – Fluhrer, Mantin, Shamir, “Weaknesses in the key schedule algorithm of RC4”, Proceedings of 4th Annual Workshop of Selected Areas of Cryptography, August 2001
How are the Hackers? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDD9PjiQ2_U&feature=player_embedded
Is WPA Safe? • 2008, Martin Beck / Erik Tews • Dictionary Attacks on TKIP • 2009, Masakatu Morii, Toshihiro • (Reduce under 1 minute)
WPA2 too complex? • Windows 2003 Server; • Windows 2008 Server • PEAP/MS-CHAP • Server Authentication http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=0f7fa9a2-e113-415b-b2a9-b6a3d64c48f5&displaylang=en • Low Cost Solutions - Zero Shell
Voice over IP • 2009,"It only took more than 125 years but POTS (plain old telephony service) is now on the decline in the U.S.," said Ken Dulaney, vice president and distinguished analyst at Gartner. "The emergence of VoIP and the phenomenal rise of the mobile phone now represent the 'dial tone' for the future"
IEEE 802.11k - 2008 • Load Balancing in WLAN • Capacity Management • Roaming becomes more inportant
Roaming Timing with w/o STA Load 0.14 0.12 0.10 Roaming Latency (Sec) 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0 50 100 150 200 250 BackEnd Latency (mSec) IEEE 802.11i Roaming Latency IEEE 802.11i Voice Latency IEEE 802.11r Roaming Latency IEEE 802.11r Voice Latency OPNET Simulation
Current Security • Management Frame and Control are Clear text. • Why so worry so much for management frames??.... • IEEE 802.11k lots of network information related information, handoff information • De-Auth and Dis-Assoc simplest DoS
IEEE 802.11w - 2009 • 802.11w get rids of “Spoofed Disconnect” DoS attacks • Deauthentication • Disassociation • Certain “Action Management Frames” are made anti-spoof • Spectrum Management (IEEE 802.11k) • QoS (IEEE 802.11e) • Fast BSS Transition(IEEE 802.11r)
How is it done? • IEEE 802.11w adds cryptographic protection to Deauth and Disassoc • Using MIC attached to the Management Frames.