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Section 10.2

Section 10.2. The Dream Foreclosed. Today’s Agenda. 10.2 Slide Show Presentations Homework Finish reading Chapter 10.2 & begin 10.3 Quiz on Chapter 10 Thursday (40-50 points).

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Section 10.2

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  1. Section 10.2 The Dream Foreclosed

  2. Today’s Agenda • 10.2 Slide Show • Presentations • Homework • Finish reading Chapter 10.2 & begin 10.3 • Quiz on Chapter 10 Thursday (40-50 points)

  3. "And then the dispossessed were drawn west- from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico; from Nevada and Arkansas, families, tribes, dusted out, tractored out. Car-loads, caravans, homeless and hungry; twenty thousand and fifty thousand and a hundred thousand and two hundred thousand. They streamed over the mountains, hungry and restless - restless as ants, scurrying to find work to do - to lift, to push, to pull, to pick, to cut - anything, any burden to bear, for food. The kids are hungry. We got no place to live. Like ants scurrying for work, for food, and most of all for land." - John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath, 1939 • What is Steinbeck talking about?

  4. ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson you should be able to: • Define and describe the Dust Bowl • Define foreclosure and Penny auction • Define Okie and list 3 characteristics of their life • Compare the effects of the Depression on tenant farmers with urban workers • Describe a Hooverville in a short paragraph • Describe how the role of fathers and mothers were affected by the Depression • Describe the impact of the Depression socially, physiologically and nutritionally

  5. What was the Dust Bowl? • ecological and human disaster that took place in the southwestern Great Plains region (Oklahoma/Texas) 1933-1934 • Term coined because as the land dried up, great clouds of dust and sand, carried by the wind, covered everything • caused by • misuse of land • years of sustained drought • Millions of acres of farmland became useless • hundreds of thousands migrated to California

  6. Dust Bowl RefugeesThe Okies

  7. What happened to farms? • Overproduction + falling prices = inability for farmers to pay their mortgages • Banks foreclosed (repossessed) farms and auctioned them off • Penny Auction- collective effort of farmers to ‘buy’ foreclosed farms/equipment at low prices and return it to original owner

  8. Who were the Okies? • Okie = migrating homeless Midwestern farmers (some from Oklahoma) of 1930s • Migrated mainly to California along Route 66. • 15% of the Oklahoma population left • Called the migrants "Okies", regardless of whether they were actually from Oklahoma • term was disrespectful and used in a derogatory manner, with connotations of homeless, poverty, hickishness • Lived outside of towns in Hoovervilles • Paid starvation wages for laborious farm labor

  9. California: The Promised Land

  10. What happened to tenant farmers during the Depression? • Rented land that they farmed • To get prices to rise government encouraged farm owners to let some land lie fallow • Gave owners $ to buy better equipment • No longer needed farm laborers • Owners threw tenants off land

  11. How were Mexican American treated during the Depression? • Discriminated against • More than 12 thousand (some US citizens) rounded up in 1931-34 and repatriated (sent back to Mexico)

  12. Dust Bowl

  13. What are Hoovervilles? • About 2 million homeless in ’32 • Constructed temporary shelters • Conditions varied • Some squalid, garbage/rat laden • Others humble but clean

  14. Hoovervilles

  15. How was the role of the father affected? • Traditionally the provider • Unemployment = lost status, self-esteem • No longer the breadwinner • Some sank into depression • Abandonment • Others sought work daily • Kept busy (see quote on page 341) • Painted house for 2 years

  16. How was the role of mother affected? • Traditional role as homemaker bolstered • Depression less drastic effect • Controlled family budget and rationing • Domestic industries revived • Illegal for more than 1 member of family to work for gov. • 25% increase in female employment

  17. Invisible Scar

  18. What was the “Invisible Scar”? • Psychological fear of impending disaster • Tore some families apart • Ashamed, less social • Lack of hope • Marriage, children put off • Malnourishment common

  19. Families Fall Apart

  20. Bruce Springsteen's Ghost of Tom Joad

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