The State of the SMOKE Modeling System 2001/2002

1. The State of the SMOKEModeling System2001/2002 Marc HouyouxMCNC Environmental Modeling Center October 21, 2002 http://www.emc.mcnc.org/products/smoke

2. Overview • Provide a snapshot of SMOKE • Status to date • Emissions modeling trends • Recent SMOKE enhancements • Ongoing SMOKE development • Recent SMOKE applications • Release and support issues

3. Status to Date • Idea for SMOKE from Dr. Carlie Coats • Vector-matrix multiplication, I/O API, integer-based matching • Prototype based on limited EPS 2.0 • Compared to EPS 2.0 results for NC • Added EMS-95 format readers and processing • Compared to EMS-95 results during OTAG • Update and integrate with Models-3/MIMS • Update based on applications (ongoing) • Update for toxic emission inventories (ongoing) • Stand-alone versions 1.3 and 1.4-beta currently in use

4. Current Trends in Emissions Modeling • EPA – annual and national cases • More regional modeling centers starting work • WRAP: annual and regional cases • Processing for both ozone and haze • MOBILE6 – even precomputed emissions have been favored over episode-dependent MOBILE5b • Increased interest in SAPRC chemical mechanism • PC-Linux platforms

5. Improvements in version 1.4 beta(1) • Inventory Import (Smkinven): • PMC computation allowed when VMT in inventory • Added CEM data reader and automated matching with IDA inventories • Repaired EMS-95 hour-specific usage when trying to match with IDA inventories • Updated to permit computation of “annual” emissions when only ozone-season emissions provided • Corrected assignment of weekday normalization • Controls (Cntlmat): • Updated to permit cross-referencing at all 4 levels of SCCs • Repaired application of pollutant-specific controls • Repaired generating multiple projection/control matrices

6. Improvements in version 1.4 beta(2) • Inventory growth (Grwinven): • Correctly output IDA-formatted inventories • Updated to apply any number of projection or control matrices • Elevated source selection (Elevpoint): • Added support of user-defined selection by stack parameters, emissions, emissions rank, plant ID, source ID, analytical plume rise, and any combination of these items • Spatial allocation: • Updated for grid extractions (Grdmat, Rawbio, Laypoint, Temporal, and Premobl) • Temporal allocation (Temporal): • For mobile, allowed use of min/max temperatures from previous day • Corrected bug caused when output time zone > source time zone

7. Improvements in version 1.4 beta(3) • Biogenics – released BEIS3! • Layer Fractions: • Added usage of hour-specific plume rise computed outside of SMOKE (Smkinven, Laypoint, and Smkmerge) • Quality Assurance: • Updated to include reporting by speciation or temporal profile codes or gridding surrogate codes • Added selection of inventory records based on noncontiguous subgrid, region codes, and elevated status • Added normalization by population and cell area

8. SMOKE since version 1.4-beta • Main reporting utility (Smkreport) • Now includes growth and control • SCC descriptions included with area and mobile “by source” • Merge program (Smkmerge) applies mobile control matrices • 3-d sea-salt model added • Corrections • Corrected calculation of mobile control matrices (Cntlmat) • Corrected reporting by layer fractions (Laypoint) • I/O API fix corrected Jan 1 and Oct emissions (Temporal) • PC temporal allocation will now run (Temporal) • ASCII elevated files fixed to not cause abort or drop emissions in specific cases (Smkreport)

9. Known problems with 1.4 beta • Linux IDA-format readers broken • Missing CEM data not handled properly • Links with zero-length cause intended abort • Possibly error in temporal cross-reference files • Tmpbio crashes on Sun platforms unless all options files used • State/county “controlled” totals from Smkmerge have zero emissions for any pollutant, state, or county that is not controlled • Smkreport cannot report speciation codes for hourly emissions when MOBILE5b has been used to compute mobile emissions

10. Ongoing SMOKE development • EPA ORD developed new plume rise • EPA OAQPS having MCNC update SMOKE for toxics processing • WRAP RMC having MCNC make SMOKE more robust for Linux. • Seeking about $12K to release version 1.4 for Linux • EPA STAR grant program has resulted in version of SMOKE that includes inventory uncertainties • ACC having MCNC and UC-Riverside update SMOKE for support of dynamic SAPRC mechanism

11. Recent SMOKE applications • Support real-time MAQSIP ozone forecasting in eastern U.S. • Apply new sea-salt model in Gulf Coast for input to CMAQ • Develop CMAQ emission inputs for BRAVO • Develop 36-, 12-, 4-km inputs in eastern US for CMAQ • Annual CMAQ inputs for Clear Skies Initiative • Annual CMAQ inputs for western U.S. for WRAP • Support NHx cycling research project over eastern U.S. • U. Tennessee applying SMOKE in China and Taiwan • Canadian effort in northwestern U.S. and W. Canada for CMAQ • Northwest US demonstration of SMOKE/MM5/CMAQ • Illinois water survey: 90-km U.S. and 10-km midwest for CMAQ MCNC NOT MCNC

12. Release and Support Issues • Two primary challenges for SMOKE users: • Erratic timing of releases and bug fixes • Overall quality and testing of release content • To date, MCNC has supported most of the cost of releases and testing, which has resulted in less-than-optimal time spent on these efforts • Seeking community funding for support of: • Providing semi-annual, high-quality SMOKE releases • Creating and using appropriate test cases • Correcting bugs and release the fixes in a timely manner • Maintaining the SMOKE website • Annual cost estimate for this is $35 K

13. Conclusions • Lots of development and applications are ongoing with SMOKE! • The community is adopting SMOKE and using it • A community solution for funding releases and maintaining the system is sorely needed Last notes: • User-support is also needed, and the approach for this is being worked out through the CMAS • Thanks for your interest in and support of SMOKE