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Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda. Phylum includes crustaceans, insects, and chelicerates Chelicerates Primarily terrestrial Also horseshoe crabs and sea spiders Crustaceans Marine and freshwater, absent from land. Arthropod Characters.

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Phylum Arthropoda

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  1. Phylum Arthropoda • Phylum includes crustaceans, insects, and chelicerates • Chelicerates • Primarily terrestrial • Also horseshoe crabs and sea spiders • Crustaceans • Marine and freshwater, absent from land Phylum Arthropoda

  2. Arthropod Characters • Arthropods have segmented bodies with some or all of the segments bearing jointed appendages • Appendages are specialized for: Phylum Arthropoda

  3. The Wonders of Chitin • All arthropods have a chitinous jointed exoskeleton • How is this detrimental and beneficial? Phylum Arthropoda

  4. Arthropod Segments • Arthropod segments are grouped into body regions • Some have two regions • Cephalothorax, and abdomen • Some have three regions • Head, thorax, abdomen • Many regions have multiple appendages • Appendages are modified for a particular function Phylum Arthropoda

  5. Arthropod Appendages • The head usually contains pairs of joint appendages, which are sensory and used in feeding • Antenna’s or feelers are first • Followed by the jaws and mandibles which are used for biting and chewing • Mandible and accessory mouth parts aid in handling the food and moving it towards the mouth Phylum Arthropoda

  6. Arthropod Appendages

  7. Arthropod Vision • Simple eyes • Light sensitive cells share a common lens • Compound eyes • Thousand of closely packed units called ommatidia Phylum Arthropoda

  8. Compound & Simple Eyes Phylum Arthropoda

  9. Subphylum Mandibulata Class Crustacea Subphylum Mandibulata

  10. Subphylum Mandibulata • All members of this group bear mandibles on the third head segment that are modified for feeding • Taxonomic Summary • Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Mandibulata • Class Myriapoda • Class Insecta • Class Crustacea Subphylum Mandibulata

  11. Class Crustacea • Defining Characteristics • Crustacean Characteristics Subphylum Mandibulata

  12. Crustacean Segments & Appendages • The crustacean head consists of 5 segments fused tightly together • These segments bear five paired appendages • 2 pairs of antennae • 1 pair of mandibles • 2 pairs of maxillae Subphylum Mandibulata

  13. Crustacean Segments & Appendages • Following segment is the thorax, which can have a variable amount of appendages • The abdomen may or may not have appendages Subphylum Mandibulata

  14. Taxonomic Summary • Class Crustacea • Subclass Cirripedia • Subclass Copepoda • Subclass Malacostraca • Order Stomatopoda • Order Euphausiacea • Order Isopoda • Order Amphipoda • Order Decapoda Subphylum Mandibulata

  15. Subclass Cirripedia • Defining Characteristics • All species are highly modified for attachment to hard substrates • Thoracic limbs are modified as filtering cirri Subphylum Mandibulata

  16. Haven’t I Seen You Before • Thought to be molluscs by early naturalists • Possess a shell that is secreted by “mantle tissue” • What makes barnacles members of the phylum Arthropoda? Subphylum Mandibulata

  17. Barnacle Anatomy • Have a reduced head and 6 segmented thorax • Thorax - six pairs of feather like appendages which are used for suspension feeding Subphylum Mandibulata

  18. Is that a roll of quarters, or are you just happy to see me? Subphylum Mandibulata

  19. Subclass Copepoda • Defining Characteristics • Loss of abdominal appendages • Abundant in the plankton and benthic communities; but due to small size escape notice Harpacticoid Subphylum Mandibulata

  20. Calanoid Cyclopoid Cows of the Sea Subphylum Mandibulata

  21. Subclass Malacostraca • Defining Characteristics • The head has 5 fused segments, thoracic with 8 segments, abdomen with 6-7 segments plus a telson • Appendages on the 6th abdominal segment are flattened to form uropods • Contains nearly 75% of all crustaceans Subphylum Mandibulata

  22. Malacostraca Characteristics Subphylum Mandibulata

  23. Order Stomatopoda Subphylum Mandibulata

  24. Order Euphausiacea • Krill, a small group of only 85 species • Have 8 pairs of walking feet instead of 5 like most decapods Subphylum Mandibulata

  25. Order Isopoda Subphylum Mandibulata

  26. Order Amphipoda Subphylum Mandibulata

  27. Subphylum Mandibulata Order Decapoda Order Decapoda

  28. Order Decapoda • Large carapace that covers the thorax on the dorsal and sides • Segmentation is only visible from the ventral surface Order Decapoda

  29. Brachyuran Crabs • True crabs, greatly reduced abdomen which is flexed to lie in a groove beneath the thorax • Cephalothorax is dorsoventrally flattened and antennae are short • Have one pair of pincers • Swimmers have thinner shells and paddled swimmerets • Sponge and shellback crabs cover themselves with tunicates, sponges etc. Order Decapoda

  30. Brachyuran Crabs Order Decapoda

  31. Brachyuran Crabs • Portunid crabs – the most common and best know Order Decapoda

  32. Blue Crab Life Cycle Order Decapoda

  33. Anomuran crabs Order Decapoda

  34. Lobsters and Burrowing Shrimp • Contains the American and spiny lobster which are not closely related • Both are large and capable of reaching two feet in length • Large abdomen (muscular) well-developed uropod • American lobster has a smooth carapace • Closely related to ghost and mud shrimps (crawfish) Order Decapoda

  35. Shrimps • Active and efficient swimmers; pleopods are well-developed for swimming • Uropods and telson can be used for swimming • Pincers are on first three pairs of thoracic legs • Commercially important shrimps belong to the families Penaeidae and Sicyoniidae Rock Shrimp Order Decapoda

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