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Health in Emergencies. Relief to Recovery to Development. Developmental funding windows. Humanitarian funding windows. Development. PRIMARILY MULTILATERAL. PRIMARILY BILATERAL. Relief. Medium / longer term Recovery. Early Recovery. Disaster Risk Reduction. 1-5 years. Day 1. 3-6 mths.
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Relief to Recovery to Development Developmental funding windows Humanitarian funding windows Development PRIMARILY MULTILATERAL PRIMARILY BILATERAL Relief Medium / longer term Recovery Early Recovery Disaster Risk Reduction 1-5 years Day 1 3-6 mths • Rapid assessment • Appeal and PoA • Procurement and distribution of life saving support • Process monitoring • Detailed assessment • Strategic planning and Appeal revision • Provision of life restoring support • Impact monitoring and review • Ongoing assessment • Proposal development • Reconstruction and rehabilitation • Monitoring and evaluation • Government, partner organisations and NS long term programming priorities for socio-economic development
The major killers in emergencies • Acute Respiratory Infections • Diarrhoeal Diseases / Cholera • Malaria • Measles • Malnutrition
Other Health Determinants in Emergencies • Other sides of wellbeing affect health status: • Water and sanitation • Non-food items • Psychological status • Shelter • Nutrition and food security • Yet other things affecting health status: • Poverty, cultural practices, social relations, education, population movement, etc
HOW do we respond? The tools: • Information Management -- Disaster Management Information Systems (DMIS) & Emergency Appeals (or preliminary). • Immediatefunding: Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF). • Emergency Appeal (or preliminary) • Surgecapacity: • Assessment and coordination: Field Assessment & Coordiantion Team (FACT). • Sector-specifictechnical support: Emergency ResponseUnits (ERUs).
Types of epidemic response supported by DREF in 2010 (by region)
Types of epidemic response supported by DREF in 2011 (by region)
Health ERUs • Not a parallel health system. • Used to fill the gap in the national health system caused by the emergency. • Coordination and cooperation with local health authorities and lead health agency. • Can be integrated in existing health structures. • Provide basic clinical care AND community care and prevention.
From local to global • IFRC works through our NS members who lead the response working with volunteers in their own country • RCRC Societies are auxiliary to their Govt but also independent • Work from local to global optimising resources at each level as the scale or complexity of the disaster requires • Engage with Movement partners – partner NSs including in emerging countries and ICRC, particularly in complex emergencies or crises • Coordinate with other actors at all levels • Disasters as a development opportunity