Transitional Kindergarten Implementation Summit

1. Transitional Kindergarten Implementation Summit November 8, 2011 Alignment of the California Preschool Learning Foundations with the Common Core State Standards Presenters: Peter L. Mangione, WestEd OsnatZur, WestEd This presentation is drawn from a project of the California Department of Education, Child Development Division

2. The Preschool Learning Foundations Goal: To strengthen preschool education and children’s school readiness • Developed by researchers, early childhood educators, and other stakeholders. • Age Range: Describe key knowledge and skills that children acquire with appropriate support • At around 48 months of age • At around 60 months of age • Cover nine developmental domains

3. Preschool Learning Foundations Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 1 Social-Emotional Development Language and Literacy English-Language Development Mathematics Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 3 History-Social Science Science

4. The Common Core State Standards Goal: Clear and consistent goals for learning, to prepare America’s children for success in college and work • Led by the National Governors Association (NGA), and the Council of Chief State School Offices (CCSSO), and developed in collaboration with a variety of stakeholders • Age Range: Standards for every grade level (K-12th grade) • Domains: • English-Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects. • Mathematics

5. The Alignment • Draws the connection between the preschool learning foundations in the domains: • Language and Literacy • Mathematics and the corresponding common core state standards. • Illustrates the developmental progression of key foundations in these domains, as they relate to specific common core state standards

6. Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment: • Organization of the two resources: • Each of the documents groups standards or foundations into domains • The standards/foundations in a domain are organized in key content areas (referred to as strands in the preschool foundations) • Specific foundations within the strands are organized in subgroups (referred to as substrandsinthe preschool foundations).

7. Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment: • Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development: Differences among different age periods: The preschool foundations and the kindergarten common core state standards were written for children at different age periods. The foundations/standards reflect these developmental differences.

8. Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development: • Differentiation of Competencies as Children Learn and Develop • Some developments reflect continuous growth, with quantitative change over time (e.g, vocabulary growth) • Other developments result in qualitative changes and the emergence of new competencies (e.g., the ability to write). • Many of the competencies described at the preschool level become more differentiated and lead to more specific competencies at the kindergarten level.

9. Alignment with Common Core Standards:Language and Literacy Preschool Foundations Common Core Standards-KG Domain: English-Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects. Domain: Language & Literacy The Common Core State Standards present a broad picture of literacy across different academic subjects.

10. Language and Literacy Alignment at Strand Level: • The preschool learning foundations and the common core state standards are organized according to the same basic categories (strands): listening and speaking, reading and writing. • The common core state standards also include a strand identified as language standards. It includes standards for grammar and vocabulary, covered under listening and speaking in the preschool foundations.

11. Language and LiteracyAlignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations Common Core Standards-KG Speaking and Listening Language Standards Reading Standards for Literature Reading Standards for Informational Texts Reading Standards: Foundational Skills Writing Standards • Listening and Speaking • Reading • Writing

12. Language and Literacy Alignment at Substrand Level: • Specific preschool foundations in each strand are grouped in substrands • Specific common core state standards are organized according to key areas, overarching College and Career Readiness (CCR) anchorstandards • The alignment draws the connection between substrands in the preschool foundations and common core anchor standards.

13. Preschool Foundations: Listening and Speaking Preschool Foundations Substrands: Common Core Standards- K Anchor Standards Speaking & Listening Comprehension and Collaboration Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas Language Standards Vocabulary Acquisition and Use Language Standards Conventions of Standard English 1.0 Language use and Conventions 2.0 Vocabulary 3.0 Grammar

14. Preschool Foundations: Reading Preschool Foundations Substrands Common Core Standards- KG Anchor Standards Print Concepts Craft and Structure Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Phonics and Word Recognition Key Ideas and Details Integration of knowledge and ideas ------------------------- 1.0 Concepts about Print 2.0 Phonological Awareness 3.0 Alphabetics and word/print recognition 4.0 Comprehension and analysis of age-appropriate text 5.0 Literacy interest and response

15. Writing Preschool Foundations Substrand Common Core Standards- K Anchor Standards Text Types and Purposes Production and Distribution of Writing Research to Build and Present Knowledge 1.0 Writing Strategies ------------------------- -------------------------

16. Language and Literacy Alignment Analysis: • Substantial correspondence in content between the preschool foundations and the common core state standards in all areas • Certain common core standards focus on skills that emerge in kindergarten, and therefore have no corresponding content in the preschool foundations: Reading • Fluency (Read text with purpose and understanding) • Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity Writing • Production and Distribution of Writing • Research to Build and Present Knowledge

17. Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Concepts about Print Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Common Core Standards-K Print Concepts 1. Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page. Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters. Understand that words are separated by spaces in print. Concepts about Print 1.1 Display appropriate book-handling behaviors and knowledge of print conventions. 1.2 Understand that print is something that is read and has specific meaning

18. Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Writing Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Common Core Standards-K Text Types and Purposes 1. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose opinion pieces in which they tell a reader the topic or the name of the book they are writing about and state an opinion or preference about the topic or book (e.g., My favorite book is . . .). 2. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are writing about and supply some information about the topic. 3. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to narrate a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened. Writing Strategies 1.1 Adjust grasp and body position for increased control in drawing and writing. 1.2 Writes letter or letter-like shapes to represent words or ideas. 1.3 Writes first name nearly correctly.

19. Domain: Mathematics Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations and the Kindergarten Common Core State Standards

20. Strands in the Preschool Learning Foundations in Mathematics Domain • NumberSense • Classification & Patterning • Measurement Mathematical Reasoning Geometry

21. Organization of the Common Core State Standards- Mathematics Domain • Standards for Mathematical Content • Counting and Cardinality • Operations and Algebraic Thinking • Number and Operations in Base Ten • Measurement and Data • Geometry • Standards for Mathematical Practice • Eight key processes and proficiencies that apply to all content areas in all grade-levels

22. MathematicsAlignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations Common Core Standards-K Counting and Cardinality Operations and Algebraic Thinking Number and Operations in Base Ten Measurement and Data Measurement and Data Geometry Mathematical Practices • Number Sense • Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning) • Measurement • Geometry • Mathematical Reasoning

23. MathematicsAlignment at Strand Level: • Even though the preschool foundations and the common core standards are organized somewhat differently, overall, both cover the same key areas in mathematics. • Differences in organization: • Content related to number sense in the preschool learning foundations is represented in two key area in the common core state standards: counting and cardinality, and operations and algebraic thinking. • Content in number and operations in base ten of the Common Core State Standards is too advanced for it to have corresponding content in the preschool foundations. • Content related to Classification appears under algebra and function in the preschool foundations, and under measurement and data in the Common Core State Standards.

24. Preschool Foundations: Number Sense Preschool Foundations Substrands: Common Core Standards- K Counting and Cardinality Know number names and the count sequence Count to tell the number of objects Compare numbers Operations and Algebraic Thinking Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from. Number and Operations in Base Ten Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place vale. 1.0 Children understand numbers and quantities in the their everyday environment 2.0 Children understand number relationships and operations in their everyday environment ------------------------------------

25. Preschool Foundations: Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning) Preschool Foundations Substrands Common Core Standards- K Measurement and Data Classify objects and count the number of objects in categories. ---------------------------- 1.0 Children sort and classify objects in their everyday environment 2.0 Children recognize/expand understanding of simple repeating patterns.

26. Preschool Foundations: Measurement Preschool Foundations Substrand Common Core Standards- K Measurement and Data Describe and compare measurable attributes. 1.0 Children compare, order, and measure objects

27. Preschool Foundations: Geometry Preschool Foundations Substrands Common Core Standards- K Geometry Identify and describe shapes Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes Identify and describe shapes 1.0 Children identify and use shapes 2.0 Children understand positions in space

28. Preschool Foundations: Mathematical Reasoning Preschool Foundations Substrand Common Core Standards- K Standards for Mathematical Practices Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them Reason abstractly and quantitatively Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others Model with mathematics Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision. Look for and make use of structure Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning 1.0 Children use mathematical thinking to solve problems in their everyday environment

29. MathematicsAlignment at Substrand Level: • For almost every substrand of the preschool learning foundations, there is a category in the common core state standards with corresponding content. • The Common Core State Standards • Include differentiated standards in mathematical reasoning • Do not include standards related to patterning, subitizing (number sense), and measuring length (measurement). • Developmental progression across age-levels in every substrand

30. Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Number Sense (Counting) Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Common Core Standards- K Know number names and the count sequence. Count to 100 by ones and by tens.  Count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1). • 1.1 Recites numbers in order to twenty with increasing accuracy.

31. Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Geometry (Shapes) Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Common Core Standards- K Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres). Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size. Identify shapes as two-dimensional (lying in a plane, “flat”) or three-dimensional (“solid”). Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes. Analyze and compare two- and three-dimensional shapes, in different sizes and orientations, using informal language to describe their similarities, differences, parts (e.g., number of sides and vertices/”corners”) and other attributes (e.g., having sides of equal length). • 1.1 Identify, describe, and construct a variety of different shapes, including variations of circle, triangle, rectangle, square, and other shapes.

32. In Summary, • The alignment indicates substantial correspondence in content between the preschool learning foundations and the common core state standards. • The two documents cover the same key areas in language & literacy and in mathematics, even when the content is organized somewhat differently in the preschool foundations and in the common core standards. • The alignment illustrates a developmental progression across age-levels, and the differentiation of competencies as children learn and develop.

33. Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations in English-Language Development with the K-12 Content Standards in English Language Development

34. The Preschool Learning Foundations in English-Language Development • Describe a typical developmental progression in four general categories of English acquisition: listening, speaking, reading, and writing • Describe a continuum of “beginning,” “middle,” and “later” stages of English acquisition for every foundation.

35. The K-12 Content Standards in English Language Development • Include standards in three main areas: listening and speaking, reading,writing • Describe standards in three levels, “beginning,” “intermediate” and “advanced”. • Children proceed through these levels based on their individual progress in listening, speaking, reading and writing skills.

36. Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment in the ELD Domain: • The K-12 English-language development standards do not represent a developmental progression from preschool to kindergarten, and therefore it is not possible to align specific preschool foundations to specific K-12 standards in the ELD Domain. • The alignment only points to corresponding content areas (substrands) in the preschool foundations and the K-12 ELD standards, but does not identify the next level in English acquisition for children entering kindergarten.

37. English-Language DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level: • The preschool learning foundations and the kindergarten content standards are organized according to the same basic categories (strands): listening and speaking, reading and writing. • Both documents describe a continuum of English-language development across three levels.

38. English-Language DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations K-12 ELD Standards Listening and Speaking Reading Listening and Speaking Reading Reading Writing • Listening • Speaking • Reading • Writing

39. English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Listening Preschool Foundations K-12 Standards Listening and Speaking Strategies and Applications; Comprehension And elements from: Reading Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic Vocabulary Development; Vocabulary and concept Development Listening • Children listen with Understanding

40. English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Speaking Preschool Foundations K-12 Standards Listening and Speaking Strategies and Applications; Organization and delivery of oral communication Reading Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic Vocabulary Development; Vocabulary and concept Development Listening and Speaking Strategies and applications; Comprehension; Organization and Delivery of Oral Communication Speaking • Children use nonverbal and verbal strategies to communicate with others • Children use language to create narratives • Children begin to understand and use social conventions in English

41. English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Reading Preschool Foundations K-12 Standards Reading ------------------ Reading Comprehension; Comprehension and analysis of grade-level appropriate text; structural features of informational materials Reading Comprehension; Comprehension and analysis of grade-level appropriate text ------------------- Reading • Children demonstrate an appreciation and enjoyment of reading and literature • Children show an increasing understanding of book reading • Children demonstrate an understanding of print conventions. • Children demonstrate awareness that print carries meaning

42. English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Reading Preschool Foundations K-12 Standards Reading Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic Vocabulary Development; Phonemic Awareness; Decoding and Word Recognition Reading • Children demonstrate progress in their knowledge of the alphabet in English • Children demonstrate phonological awareness

43. English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Writing Preschool Foundations K-12 Standards Writing Strategies and Applications; Penmanship; Organization and Focus Writing • Children use writing to communicate their ideas

44. English Language DevelopmentAlignment Analysis • All substrands in the preschool learning foundations are aligned with a kindergarten ELD substrand with corresponding content, except for the following preschool substrands: • Children demonstrate an appreciation and enjoyment of reading and literature • Children demonstrate awareness that print carries meaning

45. Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations in Social-Emotional Development with the Kindergarten Content Standards in Health: Mental, Emotional, and Social Health

46. Alignment with the Kindergarten Content Standards:Social-Emotional Development Preschool Foundations K Content Standards Domain: Health Mental, Emotional, and Social Health Domain: Social-EmotionalDevelopment

47. Social-Emotional Development :Alignment with Kindergarten Content Standards • The kindergarten content standards related to social-emotional development are included as part of the health domain, under the strand, mental, emotional and social health, rather than as a separatedomain. • Some, but not all, of the content in the preschool domain Social-Emotional Development aligns with the mental, emotional, and social health strand of the kindergarten Health domain.

48. Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations Content Standards- K Health Mental, Emotional and Social Health Mental, Emotional and Social Health Mental, Emotional and Social Health Social-Emotional Development • Self • Social Interaction • Relationships

49. Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Self Preschool Foundations Content Standards- K Essential Concepts Interpersonal Communication Practicing Health-Enhancing Behaviors Essential Concepts Goal Setting Practicing Health Enhancing Behaviors ---------------------- Self 1.0 Self Awareness 2.0 Self Regulation 3.0 Social and Emotional Understanding 4.0 Empathy and Caring 5.0 Initiative in Learning

50. Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Social Interaction Preschool Foundations Content Standards- K ---------------------- Interpersonal Communication ----------------------- ----------------------- Social Interaction 1.0 Interactions with Familiar Adults 2.0 Interactions with Peers 3.0 Group Participation 4.0 Cooperation and Responsibility