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UNH BUDAPEST PROGRAM. Colleagues: We need at least six more students to go on the program for Fall 2003. Please help me in the recruitment effort, as the future of the program depends upon our ability to send 15 students every fall. Any assistance in sending students my way would be a great help.
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UNH BUDAPEST PROGRAM Colleagues: We need at least six more students to go on the program for Fall 2003. Please help me in the recruitment effort, as the future of the program depends upon our ability to send 15 students every fall. Any assistance in sending students my way would be a great help. students will earn 16 credits, satisfy three gen ed categories, and two justice studies courses. Moreover, students can do the program for the same price as if they were here, and their existing financial aid package applies. Please direct any students to me directly. Thanks for your help. Ted Kirkpatrick Justice Works 2-1957 ALSO: Research Participation, Senior Thesis
WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED FROM THIS LAB? • RESULTS • THE PREVALENCE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT WORLD-WIDE • THE PREVALENCE OF VIOLENCE AGAINST DATING PARTNERS BY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORLD-WIDE • WHETHER CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IS RELATED TO HOW VIOLENCE A COUNTRY IS • METHODS • HOW A SCATTER PLOT CAN BE USED TO TEST A HYPOTHESIS • AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH TOOLS: • Regression line • Correlation or regression coefficient • Test of significance • AN EXPERIENCE WITH EVALUATING DATA AND INTERPRETING RESULTS
CHILD ABUSE MATERIAL TO BE COVERED LECTURES ON Child Physical Abuse: Definition and Prevalence The Scope Of Child Protective Services (CPS) Nationally Neglect and Psychological Abuse VIDEOS: How typical are the cases in these videos? When should children be removed? Caseworker judgments or risk factor inventories? Treatment and Primary Prevention Your question or opinion?
PHYSICAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN:DEFINITION AND RATES • DEFINITION • AN ACT • CARRIED OUT BY A CAREGIVER • WITH THE INTENTION OF CAUSING THE CHILD TO EXPERIENCE • SEVERE PHYSICAL PAIN OR PHYSICAL INJURY • NOTE: (1) The crucial element is the behavior of the caregiver, not whether the child is actually injured. (2) Statutes typically say "injured or high risk of injury" • WHAT IF THERE IS NO PHYSICAL INJURY?
FOUR DIFERENT ESTIMATES IF HITTING WITH A BELT, HAIR BRUSH, ETC IS ABUSE, THERE ARE MILLIONS MORE ABUSED CHILDREN
AUSTRALIAN BIRTH COHORT STUDY ALL CHILDREN BORN IN QUEENSLAND IN 1983: 41,700 10% WERE ABUSED BY AGE 17 Rate Neglect 4.1% Physical abuse 3.8% Emotional abuse 2.4% Sexual Abuse 2.3% US RATES FOR CASES KNOW TO CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES ARE MUCH LOWER, BUT THEY ARE FOR ONE-YEAR US DISTRIBUTION OF CASES IS SIMILAR: Neglect half of all cases Physical abuse Emotional abuse Sexual Abuse US RATES FOR SELF-REPORTED ABUSE???
54% 16% Koenig, A. L., Ialongo, N., Wagner, B. M., Poduska, J., & Kellam, S. (2002). Negative caregiver strategies and psychopathology in urban, African-American young adults. Child Abuse & Neglect, 26, 1211-1233. ARE THESE EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL ABUSE? WHY OR WHY NOT? How often did your caregivers push, grab, shove, or slap you? Never 46 Rarely 25 Sometimes 18 Often 3 Most of the time 3 Always 2 How often did your caregivers threaten you with a weapon? Never 84 Rarely 7 Sometimes 3 Often <1 Most of the time <1 Always <1
26% 9% How often did your caregivers hit you hard enough to cause bruising? Never 74 Rarely 13 Sometimes 7 Often 1 Most of the time <1 Always <1 How often did your caregivers hit you hard enough to cause bleeding? Never 91 Rarely 4 Sometimes 1 Often <1 Most of the time <1 Always <1
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT OF CHILDREN AGE 7-9, SAO PAULO, BRAZIL, 1999 (N=271) AVEZEDO1
TABLE 1: CHILDHOOD PHYSICAL VIOLENCE VICTIMIZATION Hit by Parents when Under the Age of 12 (vs01) Site % USA-LOUISIAN 68.6 MEX-JUAREZ 66.0 CAN-WINNIPEG 64.4 USA-MISSISSP 64.0 USA-CINCINN 63.4 HONGKONG 62.7 USA-TX-N MEX 62.5 KOR-PUSAN 58.8 CAN-HAMILTON 58.4 USA-UTAH 58.4 CAN-LONDON 57.2 NZL-CHRISTCH 55.2 USA-TX-MEX 54.4 CHE-FRENCH 51.9 USA-NH 2 49.3 USA-NH 1 44.0 CHE-GERMAN 35.2 CAN-MONTREAL 27.3 PRT-BRAGA 23.5 ISR-EMEKZYRL 22.8 BRA-SAOPAULO 19.6 NDL-AMSTRDAM 19.5 Hit by Parents When a Teenager (vs02) Site % HONGKONG 56.4 KOR-PUSAN 52.2 PRT-BRAGA 45.5 BRA-SAOPALO 40.0 USA-MISSISSP 37.8 USA-LOUISIAN 37.4 USA-TX-MEX 34.5 MEX-JUAREZ 30.1 CAN-HAMILTON 26.5 CAN-LONDON 26.4 USA-CINCINN 26.2 CAN-WINNIPEG 24.1 USA-TX-N MEX 23.4 CHE-FRENCH 20.4 CAN-MONTREAL 19.2 ISR-EMEKZYRL 19.2 NZL-CHRISTCH 17.2 USA-NH 1 16.8 USA-UTAH 16.8 CHE-GERMAN 16.8 USA-NH 2 16.1 NDL-AMSTRDAM 12.6 Hit by Non-Family Adults & Children as a Child (vs10) Site % HONGKONG 72.3 KOR-PUSAN 62.8 CHE-FRENCH 57.0 NDL-AMSTRDAM 46.6 MEX-JUAREZ 45.7 CAN-LONDON 42.1 PRT-BRAGA 39.5 NZL-CHRISTCH 38.1 USA-UTAH 37.2 USA-CINCINN 36.2 CAN-WINNIPEG 36.1 CAN-HAMILTON 35.8 USA-TX-MEX 35.4 USA-LOUISIAN 35.2 USA-NH 1 33.4 USA-TX-N MEX 32.2 USA-MISSISSP 30.6 BRA-SAOPAULO 30.4 USA-NH 2 29.0 CAN-MONTREAL 28.0 ISR-EMEKZYRL 27.1 CHE-GERMAN 21.5 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
TYPICAL CASE VERSUS MEDIA CASE PHYSICAL ABUSE OF CHILDPARTNER VIOLENCE TYPICAL MEDIA TYPICAL MEDIA CASE CASE CASE CASE VIOLENT Corporal Cruel & ACTS Punishment often bizarre Escalates .. Attacks INJURY Child Child needs bruised medical care or dies COVERAGE Ignored by Front page Media unless a celebrity PREVALENCE RATE
REPORTED AND CONFIRMED CASES OF CHILD ABUSE, IRELAND 1984-1987