2011 年自主招生

1. 2011年自主招生 2010年12月26日

2. 趋 势 • 较往年推迟一个月，竞争更为激烈 • 参加者较往年有大幅增长 • 三大阵营形成，但各校计算方式略有不同

3. Cooperate with the inevitable • God, grant me • The courage to change what I can change • The patience to accept what I cannot change • The wisdom to distinguish the two

4. 三大阵营 • 华约：清华大学、中国人民大学、中国科技大学、上海交通大学、南京大学、浙江大学、西安交通大学 • 北约：北京大学、北京师范大学、北京航空航天大学、复旦大学、南开大学、香港大学、厦门大学、武汉大学、四川大学、山东大学、兰州大学、华中科技大学、中山大学 • 卓越：同济大学、北京理工大学、大连理工大学、东南大学、哈尔滨工业大学、华南理工大学、天津大学、西北工业大学、重庆大学

5. 2010北大题例 • 1．20道选择，语法、词组、单词（20分） • 2．三篇阅读，15道题（30分） • 3．选词填空（10分） • 4．翻译分中译英和英译中两部分（各20分） • （1）中译英：谚语、哲理 • （2）英译中：里面有一句提到了哥本哈根会议，与时事联系紧密。

6. 2009年清华题例 • 10个词汇题，给出一句话，将其中一个词划线，从A、B、C、D中选出与划线词意思相近的词。（10分） • 10个单项选择 ，高中大纲难度（10分） • 完型阅读（20分） • 阅读，量很大，7篇。共20小题。（40分） • 中英文综合。将一段古文，先译成现代汉语，再将其译为英文并做评论。（20分）

7. 港大面试 • 自我介绍 • 小组讨论 • “有的人工作主要为了生存，有的人工作主要为了兴趣爱好，你认为哪种状态好？” • “以前包办婚姻离婚率低，现在恋爱自由反而离婚率高了，你认为婚姻是不是应由父母包办？” • What do you think of plastic surgery? (2011)

8. 2010年浙大英语面试 • 1. 若你准备出一本书，你会选择哪些话题，从哪些方面进行策划？2. 2010年房价是涨还是跌？3. 奥巴马获诺贝尔和平奖4. 上海迪斯尼的利与弊5. 真小人还是伪君子6. 正说历史与戏说历史7. 高学历与高素质

9. 结 论 • 题型多样，考法灵活。对我们传统的教学、学习是一个很大的挑战； • 内容跨度大，涉及古今中外。要求考生广闻博览； • 中英文结合紧密，对考生的语言功底有较高要求； • 时代感强，要求考生不再“两耳不闻窗外事” • 要求阐述观点的部分较多，对考生的思维能力要求较高。 • 不少题型与高考一致，注重对基础的考察

10. 如 何 备 考 • 立足高考，备战自招； • 广泛阅读，积累素材； • 紧跟时事，深入思考； • 学好中文，中英俱进。

11. 笔 试 模 拟 答 案 • 词汇练习： • DCABD; DCBBA; CCBDD; • ABCBB; BDACB; DDABC; • ADDAC; CCBAD; CDCCB; • ABBDB

12. 难点解析 • 8. No one has _____ been able to trace the author of the poem. A. still B. yet C. already D. just • be yet to: 尚未，还没有。 • The best days are yet to come.

13. 11. The managing director took the _____ for the accident, although it was not really his fault. • A. guilt B. charge C. blame D. accusation • 扩充：be guilty of • be charged with; • be blamed for/be to blame for; • be accused of

14. 12. The worker agreed to ____the strike if the company would satisfy their demands. A. call for B. call forth C. call off D. call up • call for: 要求，需要，请某人来 • call forth: 唤起；使产生；使起作用 • call off: 取消；依次叫名；叫走 • call up: 打电话给；召集；

15. 13. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't _____ what color it was. A. look out B. make out C. get across D. take after • look out: 注意；面朝；照料 • make out: 理解；辨认出；装出； • get across: 通过；使...被理解 • take after: 与……相像

16. 17. What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richard _____ common. A. nothing but B. anything but C. above all D. rather than • anything but (=far from being) 根本不 • nothing but 只不过 • above all最重要的 • rather than 而不是.

17. 18. The car was completely _____ and the driver seriously injured. A. broken off B. taken off C. written off D. picked up break off: 折断；突然停止，暂停 take off: 起飞；脱下；离开 write off: 勾销；取消；很快地写好 pick up: 捡起；接送； 获得；收拾

18. 22. Mr. Smith gradually _____ a knowledge of the subject. • A. attained B. achieved • C. required D. acquired • acquired (由技术、努力或行为) 获得; 习得：achieve, vt. 取得 (胜利等) , 实现 (目标等) 。 • attain, vt. 达到 (目的等) , 取得 (成就等)

19. 27. Too many hotels have been built and this has _____ prices, making holidays cheaper. • A. cut short B. cut out • C. cut off D. cut down • cut short: 缩短；打断；缩减 • cut out: 切断；删去；停止；关掉 • cut off: 切断；中断；使死亡； 剥夺继承权 • cut down: 削减；砍倒；杀死；删节；胜过

20. 39. The old lady can't hope to _____ her cold in a few days. • A. get over B. get off • C. hold back D. hold up • get over: 克服；恢复；熬过；原谅 • get off: 动身；免于受罚；从…下来；脱下 • hold back: 隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止 • hold up: 举起；阻挡；拦截

21. 40. Jim's plans to go to college _____ at the last moment. • A. fell out B. gave away • C. gave off D. fell through • fall out: 发生；脱落；争吵；结果是 • give away: 放弃；泄露；分发；出卖 • give off: 发出（光等）；长出（枝、杈等） • Fall through:落空；失败

22. 44. Do you mind if I _____ with my work while you are getting tea ready. • A. get through B. turn to C. carry on D. come on • get through: 通过；到达；做完；接通电话 • turn to: 转向；变成；求助于；致力于； • carry on: 继续 • come on: 快点；开始；要求；上演

23. 单 项 选 择 • BABBC; AAABA; CBCCB; • DCADB; AABDA; CDCBD; • AAAAC; CAACB; AADBA; • CDACB

24. 语法考察项目 • 定语从句； • 名词性从句； • 特殊句式； • 非谓语动词； • 动词时态与语态； • 虚拟语气； • 情态动词； • ……

25. 重难点解析 • 5. This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be _____. • A. laid down B. laid out • C. laid off D. laid aside • lay down: 放下；制定；铺设；主张 • Lay out: 展示；安排；花钱；为…划样；提议 • Lay off: 解雇；休息；停止工作 • Lay aside:搁置；储蓄；留存

26. 6. Most stores say that they daren’t ______ prices for fear of losing their customers. • A. put up B. set up • C. make up D. turn up • put up: 提供；建造；提高；供给…住宿 • set up: 建立；装配；开业；竖立 • make up:弥补；组成；化妆；整理 • turn up: 出现；发生；发现

27. 8. The poor old man ______ blind when he was young. • A. went B. got C. made D. kept 联 系 动 词 1. be（being, been, am, is, are, was, were) 2: feel, look, sound, taste, smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become, get, grow, turn, go, come, run, fall 5: prove, turn out, seem,appear

28. 10. –--I stayed at a hotel while in New York. • ---Oh, did you? You ________ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed • could have done:本可以 • should/ought to have done:本应该 • must have done:肯定 • might have done: 没准

29. 14. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year. • A. carry out B. carrying out • C. carried out D. to carry out • the plan 与carry out 之间是被动关系 • 从句为：They would like to see the plan carried out the next year.

30. 16. ---How can I apply for an online course? • ---Just fill out this form and we ______ what we can do for you. • A. see B. are seeing • C. have seen D. will see • 表示根据观点或信念揣测将来。 • 例：He’ll make a good doctor. • 2. 表示说话瞬间做出的突然决定。 • 例：All right, I’ll help you with the housework. • 3. 表示意愿，承诺和提议。 • 例：I’ll always be your friend. • 4. 表示请求，邀请。例： • Will you come to my party on Saturday?

31. 19. All flights ______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but wait. • A. had been cancelled B. were cancelled • C. have been cancelled D. having been cancelled 独立主格结构

32. 24. Most insurance companies would rather you _____ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. • A. do B. don’t C. didn’t D. didn’t do 虚拟语气： A would rather B did sth. It’s time that sb. did sth. Would A mind if B did sth.

33. 38. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it _____ easily. • A.won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out • C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out 主动表被动： read, write, sell, open, shut, begin, wash, wear

34. 46. I have _____ things to do today, so I can’t see you off. • A. amount of B. a great deal • C. a good many D. as much as many/number 后面加可数名词； amount/deal/much后面加不可数名词； plenty/lot/some/all后面均可

35. 选 词 填 空 • 第一篇： • M G A I B F D K N J • 第二篇： • F G D N O C L I M E

36. 1）确定词性 • 2）看搭配 （动词与名词，形容词与名词，动词与副词，动词与介词，名词与介词，形容词与副词等） • 3）看词义 • 4）通读全文

37. 完型填空 • 第一篇： • CABBD; CCABD; ACBCA; BACBC • 第二篇： • CA ADB；BACCD； DCBAD； CBABD

38. 阅读理解 • 第一篇：C C D A B • 第二篇：A B C D A • 第三篇：C C C B D • 第四篇：A C B B A

39. 1. 与其诅咒黑暗，不如点亮蜡烛。（better） • It is better to light up the candles than curse the darkness. • 2. 能源危机对全球经济有消极作用，导致经济衰退。(impact) • Energy crisis has a negative impact on global economy, and it leads to an economic recession. • 3. 权力越大，滥用职权的危险就越大。 The greater the power, the more dangerous the abuse.

40. 4. 世界的悲剧就在于有的人有想象力又缺乏经验，而有经验的人又缺乏想象力。 • The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imaginations. • 5. 在这个世界上只有两种悲剧：一种是得不到自己想要的东西，另一种是得到了。 • In this world there are only two tragedies. One is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it.

41. 翻译第一篇 • 互联网现已经成为颇受各个年龄段的人青睐的交流工具。现在孩子们用互联网来写作业，跟其他国家的人玩游戏，发即时短信，写邮件，跟人在聊天室聊天，当然还做许许多多其它的事情。 • 在我们这个时代，十几岁的孩子习惯了用电脑来做父辈们在他们这个年纪时，必须通过阅读，或者电话、纸笔来做的事情。小孩子们需要这种（电脑）技巧，而这又必须通过实践得来，这使得完全限制网络也行不通。好消息是互联网在英国越来越普遍了，相较大人来说，小孩子们无疑对此兴趣更大。

42. Writing (one sample) • I have to admit that I am somewhat addicted to the Internet as well. For one thing, whenever I have a problem, I am accustomed to seeking help from online. I would type certain key words into the search engine, and wait for the internet to spit out the answer. Besides, the Internet has been a major source of entertainment for me all over the years. With that being said, I’d conclude that internet has brought me much more convenience than I could ever have imagined. As I think further, it seems to me that more and

43. more people tend to seek comfort from the internet, or to be specific, from some strangers whenever they are down. We all wear masks in our real life, and occasionally we all need to rip off that mask and tell people how we really feel. However, more often than not, we cannot find the right person around us to confide to, and interestingly enough, there are always people out there on the line to listen. Therefore, I am obliged to say that the Internet helps find us a way to talk about our problems and release the pressure.

44. Yet I am not blind to the negative things the Internet has brought to us. We are growing alienated day by day with people around us; we do not care to think further as the Internet is always ready to help us out; We do not take outdoor activities seriously as the Internet alone can keep us company. • However, unlike many of us teenagers, I do not think the Internet is what to blame for all the problems, but rather, we are the ones to take full responsibility for what’s happening as we actually allow things to go this far. With all

45. these problems arising, I believe it is time for us to take the issue seriously. I have a dream that one day, we can sit together with out beloved ones and talk about things we would otherwise talk to strangers online. I also have a dream that one day we can start reading and thinking again. • Make the Internet a helping hand, but do not let it dominate your life. That’s what I really want to say.

46. Translate • 管仲曰：“吾始困时，尝与鲍叔贾，分财利多自与，鲍叔不以我为贪，知我贫也。吾尝为鲍叔谋事而更穷困，鲍叔不以我为愚，知时有利不利也。吾尝三仕三见逐于君，鲍叔不以我为不肖，知我不遭时也。吾尝三战三走，鲍叔不以我为怯，知我有老母也。公子纠败，召忽死之，吾幽囚受辱，鲍叔不以我为无耻，知我不羞小节而耻功名不显于天下也。生我者父母，知我者鲍子也。”

47. Guan Zhong said, “Back to the time when I was poor, I used to partner with my buddy Mr. Bao in business, and took a larger share of the profits. Mr. Bao never regarded me as greedy, but rather he understood that I was doing this simply because I was poor. Mr. Bao and I ever tried to find a better position but ended up failing everything, Mr. Bao never classified me as stupid, on the contrary, he believed that my time just hadn’t come yet.

48. I had been officials for three times and each time I got sent back to where I was, Mr. Bao didn’t treat me as if I was incompetent, he knew that I just hadn’t met the one who spotted my potential. I was in battle and I escaped every time, Mr. Bao knew that I wasn’t scared, I did it simply because I couldn’t leave my mother alone. When prince Jiu failed in his battle (against his brother), my friend Zhao Hu died in glory, while I was imprisoned and took

49. all the humiliation. Again, Mr. Bao didn’t buy the popular saying that I was shameless, he understood that I would not feel ashamed of losing a bit dignity, but I did consider it a disgrace not to let myself known to the world. It was my parents who gave me life, yet it is Mr. Bao that knows every single aspect of me.”

50. Optional • 中国的媒体与大众热衷于闲聊一些有关国内名人成为外国公民的新闻。从国际知名影星巩俐到电视王族张铁林，更换国籍的名人的故事让许多追随者或兴奋或沮丧。最近，超级篮球英雄姚明刚出生的千金的国籍便成了众人讨论的话题。 • 姚明从2002年就一直服役于美国NBA的休息顿火箭队。他于今年5月22日喜得千金。因为她出生在美国，所以她自动得到了美国国籍。大家都认为姚明和他的夫人将保留女儿的美国人的身份。尽管崇拜这位天才运动员，姚明的粉丝们还是批评他不爱国，竟然让他的女儿成为美国人