Working with Diction

1. Working with Diction Consider: The man sighed hugely. (E. Annie Proulx, The Shipping News) Discuss: 1) What does it mean to sigh hugely? 2) How would the meaning of the sentence change if we rewrote it as : The man sighed loudly? Apply: List adverbs to express how the man coughed. The man coughed ________________________

2. Meaning: 30-15-10 List Examples: meaningless endless Suffix: -less Class Examples: Visual/Memory Clue

3. Meaning: Meaning: Examples: aggressiveness Examples: Prologue Dialogue Suffix: -logue, -log Suffix: -ness Class Examples: Class Examples: Visual/Memory Clue Visual/Memory Clue

4. Meaning: Meaning: Examples: Attitude Recitude Examples: sportsmanship Suffix: -ship Suffix: -tude Class Examples: Class Examples: Visual/Memory Clue Visual/Memory Clue

5. Novel Groups #1 (3/26) • Define the novel terms together in your group. Refer to the glossary of terms only when necessary…rely on each other! • Answer each novel question together in your group. • Complete the novel project as a group, dividing up the roles as you see fit. • Make sure ALL of your group members’ names are on the paper you submit. • Fill out Group Evaluation chart on your own. Put your name on it & turn in.

6. “Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening” Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.He gives his harness bells a shakeTo ask if there is some mistake.The only other sound's the sweepOf easy wind and downy flake.The woods are lovely, dark and deep.But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep. • To Do: • Mark Rhyme Scheme • Mark & Label alliteration, assonance & consonance • Identify the Speaker • Paraphrase EACH stanza Robert Frost Selected Poems

7. Innocent Nursery Rhyme? I Think Not! Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.All the king’s horses,And all the king’s men,Couldn’t put Humpty together again

8. Innocent Nursery Rhyme? I Think Not! Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.All the king’s horses,And all the king’s men,Couldn’t put Humpty together again 1. The rhyme refers to King Richard II, who fell from his horse in the Battle of Bosworth Field. Richard was surrounded by enemy troops in the battle and butchered on the spot. 2. The rhyme refers to Charles I of England, who was toppled by the Puritan majority on Parliament. The King’s army could not restore his power and he was subsequently executed. 3. “Humpty Dumpty” was a name of a powerful cannon during the English Civil War. It was mounted on top of St. Mary’s at the Wall Church in Colchester in 1648. The church tower was hit by enemy fire and was knocked off, sending the cannon tumbling to the ground. It could not be repaired

9. Innocent Nursery Rhyme? I Think Not!

10. Innocent Nursery Rhyme? I Think Not! • Black Plague of London (1665) • A rosy rash was a symptom of the plague • Posies of herbs were carried as protection and to ward off the smell of the disease. • Ashes, Ashes is claimed to refer variously to cremation of the bodies, the burning of victims' houses, or blackening of their skin

11. “Follow The Drinking Gourd” When the Sun comes backAnd the first quail callsFollow the Drinking Gourd,For the old man is a-waiting for to carry you to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd The riverbank makes a very good road.The dead trees will show you the way.Left foot, peg foot, travelling on,Follow the Drinking Gourd. The river ends between two hillsFollow the Drinking Gourd. There’s another river on the other sideFollow the Drinking Gourd. When the great big river meets the little riverFollow the Drinking Gourd. For the old man is a-waiting for to carry to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd. “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” Chorus:Swing low, sweet chariot,Comin' for to carry me home! I looked over Jordan and what did I see,Comin' for to carry me home!A band of angels comin' after me,Comin' for to carry me home! Chorus: If you get there before I do,Comin' for to carry me home,Jess tell my friends that I'm a comin' too,Comin' for to carry me home. Chorus: I'm sometimes up and sometimes down,Comin' for to carry me home,But still my soul feels heavenly bound Comin' for to carry me home! Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Slave Spirituals

12. “Follow The Drinking Gourd” When the Sun comes backAnd the first quail callsFollow the Drinking Gourd,For the old man is a-waiting for to carry you to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd The riverbank makes a very good road.The dead trees will show you the way.Left foot, peg foot, travelling on,Follow the Drinking Gourd. The river ends between two hillsFollow the Drinking Gourd. There’s another river on the other sideFollow the Drinking Gourd. When the great big river meets the little riverFollow the Drinking Gourd. For the old man is a-waiting for to carry to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd. • Associated with the Underground Railroad • Instructions to follow the North Star • Follow the points of the drinking gourd (the Big Dipper) to the brightest star, the North Star • Peg Leg Joe story Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Slave Spirituals

13. “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” Chorus:Swing low, sweet chariot,Comin' for to carry me home! I looked over Jordan and what did I see,Comin' for to carry me home!A band of angels comin' after me,Comin' for to carry me home! Chorus: If you get there before I do,Comin' for to carry me home,Jess tell my friends that I'm a comin' too,Comin' for to carry me home. Chorus: I'm sometimes up and sometimes down,Comin' for to carry me home,But still my soul feels heavenly bound Comin' for to carry me home! Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Slave Spirituals • Associated with Harriet Tubman • Signals to hiding slaves as to whether it was safe to come out of hiding & continue journey • Chariot = carriages & wagons used to transport fleeing slaves

14. Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Song Lyrics

15. Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Song Lyrics Born down in a dead man town The first kick I took was when I hit the ground You end up like a dog that's been beat too much Till you spend half your life just covering up Born in the u.s.a., I was born in the u.s.a. I was born in the u.s.a., born in the u.s.a. Got in a little hometown jam So they put a rifle in my hand Sent me off to a foreign land To go and kill the yellow man Born in the U.S.A... Come back home to the refinery Hiring man said son if it was up to me Went down to see my v.a. man He said son, don't you understand I had a brother at Khe Sahn Fighting off the Viet Cong They're still there, he's all gone He had a woman he loved in Saigon I got a picture of him in her arms now Down in the shadow of the penitentiary Out by the gas fires of the refinery I'm ten years burning down the road Nowhere to run aint got nowhere to go

16. Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Song Lyrics Picture yourself on a boat in a river, with tangerine trees and marmalade skies Somebody calls you, you answer quite slowly, a girl with kaleidoscope eyes Cellophane flowers of yellow and green, towering over your head Look for the girl with the sun in her eyes, and she's gone Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, ah Follow her down to a bridge by a fountain, where rocking horse people eat marshmallow pies Everyone smiles as you drift past the flowers, that grow so incredibly high Newspaper taxies appear on the shores, waiting to take you away Climb in the back with your head in the clouds, and you're gone Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, ah Picture yourself in a train in a station, with plasticine porters with looking glass ties Suddenly someone is there at the turnstile, the girl with kaleidoscope eyes Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, ah Lucy in the sky with diamonds,

17. Poetry with “Hidden” Meaning: Song Lyrics “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds” Recorded at Studio Two, Abbey Road, March 1 & 2, 1967. The album version was mixed from take 8. Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds, long thought to be about an LSD trip, was written by Lennon taken from an idea he got from his son Julian. Julian, a young boy, came home one day with a painting he had done at school of one of his classmates named Lucy O'Donnell. In explaining the painting to his father, he described it as Lucy, in the sky with diamonds, and the song was born. Pictured above is the original drawing by Julian that inspired his father John to write this song.

18. Let’s Revisit Frost… “Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening” Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.He gives his harness bells a shakeTo ask if there is some mistake.The only other sound's the sweepOf easy wind and downy flake.The woods are lovely, dark and deep.But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep. • Critics have found “hidden meaning” in these lines since Frost wrote them. Here are 4 popular interpretations of this poem. • Contemplation of suicide • Admiration of nature’s beauty, but must obey obligations & move on • The speaker has been unfaithful & committed an evil crime • The speaker is Santa Claus Your Task: Cite lines from the poem that supports EACH of the interpretations above. Be ready to discuss what you find!

19. Happy Tuesday!BW: Working with Tone Consider: Look over the grid below and with a partner, say each “right” out loud, emphasizing the attitude each suggests. . Apply: with your partner, create a similar chart, but for a different word that can have the same conveyance of attitude. . Remember: Tone is more than what is said, it’s how it is said. We create tone in writing through the elements of voice: Diction, Imagery, Detail, Syntax… .

20. Novel Groups #1 • Work with your small group/pairing • Complete Parts 1 & 2 of the Independent Literature Sheet (Divide roles evenly) • Staple ALL together & turn-in (Part 3)

21. Speak Kayla Jazz Kristin Lena Charles Melissa Emily Mark Amanda Of Mice and Men Mississippi Trial Brad E’Shunia Tyler Brandon Kaycee Tommy Owen Niles Fallen Angels Matt Kyle Sean Tuesdays with Morrie SFFSB… Rachel Brittany Chanda Anthony Jon Brian Mykael Alma Clara Katelyn Mya Cassidy

22. Speak To Kill a Mockingbird Paige Cyndie Bailey Jessica Mississippi Trial Fallen Angels Alex S. Matt P. Relashen Jacob Brent Alix L. Dylan Stephen Wes Jared Demetri Staying Fat… Tuesdays with Morrie Ellen Foster Hannah Nyssa Alanna Madison Savannah Emily Kailyn Ajaya Edward Nina Raquel Matt T. Jeremiah Coltin

23. Speak Mississippi Trial Victoria Brittney Emily Kayla Sabriena Rachel Megan Nick Livi Tytiahna Kyleigh Greg Catiebree To Kill a Mockingbird Fallen Angels Ellen Foster Angel Desiray Carrie Dominique Caleb Dan Tuesdays with Morrie Of Mice and Men Jeff Jax Todd Jaiden Dakota Sam Shaylynn Jimmy Jacob

24. Working with Diction II Consider: A rowan* like a lipsticked girl. (Seamus Heaney, “Song,” Field Work) * a small tree with white flower clusters & orange berries. Discuss: 1) Other than color, what comes to mind when you think of alipstickedgirl? 2) How would it change the meaning and feeling of the line if, instead of lipsticked girl, the author wrote girl with lipstick on? Apply: Create a simile comparing a tree to an animal. In your simile, use a word that is normally used as a noun (like lipstick) as an adjective (like lipsticked).

25. Friday! Quick Quiz: Open Notes • Define “Rhyme Scheme” in your own words. • Who was the author of “Nothing Gold Can Stay”, “The Road Not Taken,” and “Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening”? • What is a “paragraph” of poetry called? • What is the difference between Alliteration & Assonance?

26. Directions: • Using the post-it notes given to you, take active reading notes as your read through your novel. • Record the Journal Question when posted • Respond to the JQ in the space provided. Characters Setting Literary Devices Important Quotations Motifs Conflicts Plot Theme POV Author’s style Symbols Foreshadowing Novel Day #2

27. Journal Question: What symbols and/or motifs are evident in your novel so far? In your response, cite the specific symbols or motifs, state how they are used, their intended meaning and purpose and your interpretation of them. Novel Day #2