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Cognitive Science Introduction

Cognitive Science Introduction. Propositional Attitude Psychology (PAP) Folk Psychology (FP). Pairs mental attitudes (believing, hoping, fearing, etc.) with propositions (that it is raining) to explain intelligent behavior. Why did Cindy bring her umbrella with her when she went out?.

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Cognitive Science Introduction

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  1. Cognitive ScienceIntroduction

  2. Propositional Attitude Psychology (PAP) Folk Psychology (FP) Pairs mental attitudes (believing, hoping, fearing, etc.) with propositions (that it is raining) to explain intelligent behavior.

  3. Why did Cindy bring her umbrella with her when she went out? • Cindy believed that it was raining • Cindy believed that an umbrella would protect her from the rain • Cindy wanted to be protected from the rain

  4. Computational-Representational Understanding of Mind (CRUM) The central hypotheses of cognitive science is that thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational processes that operate on those structures. (Thagard)

  5. Mental Representations/a.k.a Symbols Rules, concepts, images, analogies (Thagard) Perceptions, ideas, images, beliefs, thoughts, memories.

  6. Information Processing Assumption The mind is a complex system that receives, stores, retrieves, transforms and transmits information. These operations are called computations or information processes. (Stillman)

  7. Logical Reasoning is a kind of Information Processing • All dogs have fleas • Fido is a dog • Therefore, Fido has fleas

  8. Meaningfulness Assumption Information processes are contentful (they are about something; they have semantic content) and purposeful (they are goal oriented)

  9. Components of a System • Set of primitive symbols • Principles for constructing complex symbols out of them • A set of entities that constitutes the domain that is symbolized. • A method of relating symbols to the entities they symbolize

  10. Analogy with a Computer

  11. Sample SystemArithmetic Representation/Semantic – “9” means 9 Syntax/Algorithm – Rules of construction Physical Process (Individualists vs. Naturalists)

  12. Six Modes|(Each has a particular kind of representation and a corresponding set of computational procedures) • Logic • Rules • Concepts • Analogies • Images • Neural Connections

  13. Evaluate Approach • Representational Power • Computational Power • Psychological Plausibility • Neurological Plausibility • Practical Applicability

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