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Emotion, decision making & Time

Emotion, decision making & Time. Attitudes and Behavior. Attitude-behavior (in)consistency Goodness of emotion as a predictor How much is current situation like the choice situation? People have difficulty judging future preferences What ice cream will you want tomorrow?.

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Emotion, decision making & Time

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  1. Emotion, decision making & Time

  2. Attitudes and Behavior • Attitude-behavior (in)consistency • Goodness of emotion as a predictor • How much is current situation like the choice situation? • People have difficulty judging future preferences • What ice cream will you want tomorrow?

  3. Real and Simulated choices • Why can’t people predict their future preferences? • People have a bad theory of motivational effects • Valuation and devaluation • Approach, avoidance, and time • Hard to simulate future motivational states • People cannot predict effects of time on choice

  4. Valuation and Devaluation • What is the effect of motivation on preference? • Valuation • Devaluation

  5. Example of Devaluation • This study uses an appetizing manipulation • Need to eat • Eating a small amount increases need to eat • Popcorn taste test: • High need to eat: Taste test first (ratings last) • Low need to eat: Taste test last (ratings first) • Rated attractiveness of consumer products • Food related (11 items) • Food unrelated (32 items: a variety of products) • Ratings mixed in with other unrelated tasks

  6. Simple Devaluation *

  7. Approach, avoidance, and distance • Goal gradients • Lewin; Miller • Change in goal strength with distance to goal • Physical distance or temporal distance Approach Gradient Recent Evidence: Busemeyer Pennington & Roese Avoidance Gradient Distance

  8. Predicting choices • People don’t know all of this • That makes their future predictions bad • Simulated choices do not take these factors into account • People also fail to take future events into account • Gilbert and future prediction • What is the influence of getting married, winning the lottery, or getting denied tenure on future happiness?

  9. Temporal effects • Temporal construal • Events in the future may be conceptualized more abstractly than near events • Specific events may have more emotional content • People have theories about spreading events over time • A desire for increasing sequences (e.g., salary) • A desire to spread out good outcomes

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