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Impending Crisis & Civil War

Crises Fight Scott Harpers Ferry Election Candidates Results War (1861-65) Fort Sumter After…. Key Terms Brooks vs. Sumner Dred Scott Decision John Brown’s Raid 1860 Election Border States Emancipation Proclamation. Impending Crisis & Civil War.

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Impending Crisis & Civil War

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  1. Crises Fight Scott Harpers Ferry Election Candidates Results War (1861-65) Fort Sumter After… Key Terms Brooks vs. Sumner Dred Scott Decision John Brown’s Raid 1860 Election Border States Emancipation Proclamation Impending Crisis & Civil War

  2. Brooks vs. Sumner-1856(Tensions Continued To Rise) • Senator Charles Sumner & Representative Preston Brooks fought on the floor of the US Senate.

  3. Dred Scott Case (1857) Dred Scott (A Slave) Resided in Illinois (free state) & Wisconsin (a territory made free by Congress) for many years. He sued to obtain his freedom.

  4. Scott was not freed Slaves (& all blacks) were denied citizenship rights; slaves = property Congress cannot prohibit slavery anywhere (only states have this power) Dred Scott Decision (1857) Chief Justice Roger Taney (1777-1864)

  5. Impact Of Dred Scott • Infuriated Northerners as they feared slavery could expand to new areas. • Demonstrated slavery was a NATIONAL problem; not just Southern.

  6. John Brown’s Raid(1859) • Brown was an abolitionist • Raided the federal arsenal in Harper’s Ferry, VA. • Goal: Take munitions & lead a slave rebellion • He was captured & executed 1800-1859

  7. John Brown’s Raid(1859) Officer who led capture of Brown Brown on trial Robert E. Lee

  8. Impact Of John Brown’s Raid • It made Southerners fearful that maybe ALL in the North were abolitionists. • A final straw…?

  9. 1860 Election Stephen Douglas (Northern Democrat) • Supported Popular Sovereignty John Breckinridge (Southern Democrat) • Supported expansion of slavery into territories Abraham Lincoln (Republican) • Allow slavery to remain where it already exists; but no new expansion John Bell (Constitutional Union) • Stood for Constitution, Union, & enforcement of laws

  10. Following Lincoln’s Victory • Seven states seceded (even before his inauguration) • Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina & Florida

  11. Fighting Begins • Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to fight for Union following attack on Fort Sumter (April, 1861). • Four more Southern states seceded. • Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, Tennessee

  12. Border States • Slave states which remained loyal to the Union. • Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware

  13. Emancipation Proclamation(Effective 1/1/1863) • Declared that slaves residing in states in rebellion against the Union were freed. • It did not free any slaves in the states that remained loyal to the Union. 1862

  14. Results of the Civil War(1861-1865) • Slavery ended—but what about the newly freed slaves? • More than 600,000 Americans died • WWII: 209 deaths per 100,000 (total pop) • Civil War: 2,000 deaths per 100,000 (total pop) • Much of the South was destroyed—how would it be rebuilt?

  15. Crises Fight Scott Harpers Ferry Election Candidates Results War (1861-65) Fort Sumter After… Key Terms Brooks vs. Sumner Dred Scott Decision John Brown’s Raid 1860 Election Border States Emancipation Proclamation Impending Crisis & Civil War

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