1 / 56

Civil Emergency / Crisis Management: Civil Emergency Coordination in Switzerland

Civil Emergency / Crisis Management: Civil Emergency Coordination in Switzerland. Introduction. Construction of Switzerland as a state Principles and structures of Swiss Crisis Prevention and Crisis Management August 2005 Floods Commune of Brienz (CM) City of Berne (CM)

dagmar
Download Presentation

Civil Emergency / Crisis Management: Civil Emergency Coordination in Switzerland

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Civil Emergency / Crisis Management:Civil Emergency Coordinationin Switzerland Rudolf Wyder

  2. Introduction • Construction of Switzerland as a state • Principles and structures of Swiss Crisis Prevention and Crisis Management • August 2005 Floods • Commune of Brienz (CM) • City of Berne (CM) • Damage and insurance contributions • Lessons learned • Conclusions Rudolf Wyder

  3. Construction of Switzerland as a state • Federalist structure • Principle of militia • Principle of subsidiarity Rudolf Wyder

  4. Federalist structure • Swiss Confederation (yearly budget: about 51 billion SFR) • 26 cantons (states) yearly budgets: about 67 billion SFR) • ... districts • about 2‘800 municipalities (yearly budgets: about 42 billion SFR) • (figures for 2004) Rudolf Wyder

  5. Allocation of tasks Federal level Federal constitution, framework in all important fields, Foreign policy, Defense policy (armed forces), supervision of the cantons, Social insurances, customs/border guard, Public pro-secutors office, Federal court, Federal Police (only criminal investigation), national traffic systems, finances and taxes, Crisis Prevention and Management Cantonal level 26 constitutions, Public security (Justice, Police, penal system, CPC), Education (Primary and secondary school, university, profession-related training), Promotion of Cultural activities, Public health system (hospitals), Social Wellfare, Traffic system (national and regional roads), Environmental planning and management, Public economic affairs (promotion of agriculture), Finances and Taxes, Crisis Prevention and Management(including supervision of the municipal preparations) Communal level about 2‘800 decrees, Public security (Police, CPC, Fire Brigade), Education (nursery school, primary school), Promotion of Cultural activities and Sports, Public health system (ambulance service, hospitals), Social Wellfare (income support, old peoples home),Traffic system (local roads), Environmental planning and management , Local Public Service, Finances and Taxes, Crisis Prevention and Management Rudolf Wyder

  6. Principle of militia • Voluntary or obligatory (sidelined) undertaking of public duties • Examples: • Federal member of parliament, member of advising committees,level member of the armed forces (up to brigadier general) • Cantonal member of parliament, member of advising committeeslevel • Communal member of parliament, mayor, member of the council,level member of adivising committees, member of the fire brigade (all ranks), member of CPC (all ranks), member of CM Staff, member of mountain or water rescue team Rudolf Wyder

  7. Principle of subsidiarity reques t • national level • cantonal level • communal level • family level support Rudolf Wyder

  8. Principles and structures of Swiss Crisis Prevention and Management • Law • Responsibilities • Strategic situations • Dealing with risks • Basic structure CM staff • Phases • Growing up emergency forces • Coordination / Cooperation • Information Rudolf Wyder

  9. Law (crisis prevention and management) • Federal constitution tasks cantons • exception: violance of strategic extent • federal guidelines (epidemics) • federal CM organization • Cantonal law: • communal responsibility • cantonal guidelines and support • cantonal CM organization • Communal decrees • communal government in charge • communal CM organization Rudolf Wyder

  10. Responsibilties in case of crisis • Federal responsibility • National security policy / National Crisis Prevention and Management • Military defense • extensive emergencies (radiation, epidemics, eartquake, terrorism) • Guidelines in favour of the cantons • expertise, but limited emergency services (CM staff, armed forces) • Cantonal responsibility • Regional Crisis Prevention and Management • emergencies of regional importance: floods, avalanches, serious accidents • Support for national and municipal level / Guidelines in favour of the municipalties • expertise and emergency services (CM staff, state police, hospitals, department of works, NBC organ • Municipal responsibility • Local Crisis Prevention and Management • emergencies of local importance • support for cantonal level • Emergency services (CM staff, police, fire brigade, ambulances, CPC, department of works) Rudolf Wyder

  11. Strategic situations Normal situation: can be handled by use of normal procedures and instruments (no supplementary ressources, no emergency law) Special situation: special procedures, supplementary ressources and emergency law are to be used selectively Extraordinary special procedures, supplementarysituation: ressources and emergency law are to be used on a large scale Rudolf Wyder

  12. Dealing with risks (1) Strategicsituation Main tasks Specific tasks Normal Risk prevention Containing the causes • Reglementation • Technical measures Reducing the effects • Reglementation • Technical measures Preparation for dealing with remaining risks • Early warning system • Contingency planning • Appropriate readiness Special orextraordinary Dealing with remaining risks Reductionof damage • Protection of life and limb • Protection of infrastructure • Protection of important goods Repair or compensation Insurance Rudolf Wyder

  13. Dealing with risks (2) This map shows an important risk on landslide (in red) in the commune of Sörenberg. There are other maps for other risks. Rudolf Wyder

  14. Dealing with risks (3) An ongoing programme should avoid floods along the Linth canal. Rudolf Wyder

  15. Dealing with risks (4) • Emergency planning: • Concrete emergency planning for threats, which can be limited to a place or a small area • For remaing risks exist conceptions for crisis reaction measures (alarming, readiness, training) Rudolf Wyder

  16. Basic structure CM staff government Security committee(3 members of government) Head of CM CM Staff Chief of staff Situation PlanningOperations Coordination Liaison Administrativesupport Communications Technical support Neighbours andpartners The Presidentsauthority ConstructionsTraffic Energy EducationCultural affairs Finances Personel HealthSocial affairs Justice MunicipalitiesChurches Police Military affairs CPC Economicaffairs GeneralServices Information! Rudolf Wyder

  17. Phases (flood) • 1) General prevention: • readiness emergency services • contingency planning • protection measures • 2) Specific prevention • observation • improving readiness CM staff/services • evacuation (persons, animals, important goods) • 3) Management: • rescue operations / avoiding important damage • clearing up operation • 4) Repair work (project organisation) Rudolf Wyder

  18. Growing up emergency forces Strength time 30 min 60 min 3 h 6 h 12 h 24h 15 min Rudolf Wyder

  19. Coordination and cooperation Neighbouring countries Federal government Non-gouvernmentalpartners Head of CM Information CM Staff Neighbouring Cantons Cantonal government Non-gouvernmentalpartners Head of CM Information CM Staff Neighbouring Communes Municipal government Non-gouvernmentalpartners Head of CM Information CM Staff Rudolf Wyder

  20. Information • Habitants affected by the flood • Phone service for worried people • Private radio, private TV • Information sheets • Information point • District/quarter associations • Mass media • Press communiqués • Media conferences • No contradictions! Rudolf Wyder

  21. Floods in August 2005 • the causes • the commune of Brienz example • the city of Berne example • specific difficulties • Lessons learned Rudolf Wyder

  22. Causes of the floods • August 22, 2005: up to 200 litres rain per m3 within 24 hours (accurate weather forecast) • mountain streams carry rocks, rubble, mud, trees • mud-avalanges • floating trees • very quick rise of water levels • floods (streams, rivers, lakes) • damage and destruction Rudolf Wyder

  23. August 2005 floods in Switzerland Zone of heavy rainfall Rudolf Wyder

  24. The commune of Brienz example • Characteristics • CM organization • Nature of the problem • Crisis Prevention • Crisis Management Rudolf Wyder

  25. Characteristics (Brienz) • 3‘000 habitants • 50 km2 • Tourism • regional road / railway line • Fire brigade (115 men/women) • Civil protection Corps (80 men/women) • local police = cantonal police (3 policemen) • Works services (15 men) Rudolf Wyder

  26. CM organization (Brienz) municipal government Security committee(3 members of government) Director of Planning/Operations Crisis Management Staff Chief of staff Situation PlanningOperations Coordination Liaison Administrativesupport Communications Technical support Neighbours andpartners The mayorsauthority SecurityEnvironment Energy Education Social affairsSports Constructions TrafficGreen space FinancesPersonnelComputers Generalservices (State Police) Water/Sewage Fire Brigade Roads/Pathes CPC Forest Rudolf Wyder

  27. Commune of Brienz Baalen (start of landslide) Glyssibach stream Trachtbach stream main damage area Flooded areas Rudolf Wyder

  28. Nature of the problem (Brienz) • Baalen: 10‘000 m3 Fels starts to glide • carries 100‘000 m3 of rubble • 1/3 of it glides into bed of Glyssibach stream • pushes 50‘000 m3 of rubble, smud an wood • blocked stream bed • stream finds a new course • cuts Brienz village in two parts • kills 2 women • damages 13 houses and destroys 8 • destroys regional road and railway line • other floods caused by Trachtbach stream and lake of Brienz Rudolf Wyder

  29. Crisis Prevention (Brienz) • mobilisation CM Organisation and emergency services • observation 3 mountain streams • Information of the population • strengthening of embankments • closing bridges (roads, railway line) • contructing of building machinery • attempts to excavate stream bed • evacuation of 500 persons Rudolf Wyder

  30. Crisis Management (Brienz) • information of the population/mass medias • search for missing persons • force Gyssibach stream back to his bed • restore vital connections inside village • request for support • district CM Staff / district state police • fire men and CP men from near municipalities, city of Berne and other cantons (GE, VS, ZH) • troops of the armed forces • restore public services (water, food, postal service) • clearing-up operation (duration: 3 weeks) • about 300 helpers in use (simulteanously) Rudolf Wyder

  31. Impressions of flooded Brienz The following pictures show the floodedvillage of Brienz (4 different perspectives) Rudolf Wyder

  32. Brienz: area flooded by Trachtbach stream Rudolf Wyder

  33. Brienz: damage caused by Glyssibach stream Rudolf Wyder

  34. Brienz: flood caused by lake of Brienz Rudolf Wyder

  35. Brienz: damage caused by Glyssibach stream Rudolf Wyder

  36. The city of Berne example • Characteristics • CM organization • Nature of the problem • Crisis Prevention • Crisis Management • Information Rudolf Wyder

  37. Characteristics (Berne) • 120‘000 inhabitants • 50 km2 • famous medieval town • numerous commuters • capital Berne canton and Switzerland • city police department (650 men/women) • professional Fire Brigade (100 men) and militia fire batallion (350 men) • Civil protection corps (500 men/women) • works services Rudolf Wyder

  38. CM organization (Berne) communal government Security committee(3 members of government) Director of Planning/Operations CM Staff Chief of staff Situation Planning andOperations Liaison Administrativesupport Communications Technical support Neighbours andpartners The mayorsauthority SecurityEnvironment Energy Education Social affairsSports Constructions TrafficGreen space FinancesPersonnelComputers Generalservices Police force Hospitals Water/sewage Fire Brigade Care teams Road network CPC Electricity/Gas Ambulances NBC Service Rudolf Wyder

  39. Nature of the problem (Berne) • water level Aare river riseses about 2 m within 24 h • floating wood locks mill canal in direction of mill building and Aare river (closing of the ducts) • floating wood difficult to be removed • mill canal streams through lower part of the town • difficult evacuation of people and cars Rudolf Wyder

  40. Crisis Prevention (Bern) • 1) Because of weather forecast: • activation CM staff • provision of material (sacks filled with sand etc.) • reinforcement professional fire brigade • 2) Because of very heavy rain: • reconnaissance and observation • activation militia firemen and CPC members • construction of improvised embankments • information inhabitants at risk (evacuation ofcars, preparation evacuation inhabitants) • closing roads at risk • switching off electricity Rudolf Wyder

  41. Crisis Management (Berne) • Information of inhabitants at risk and mass media (22/08 till 29/08) • Psychological care for desparate inhabitants (22/08 till ...) • Voluntary evacuation of inhabitants at risk (22/08 and 23/08) • Attempts to remove floating trees (23/08 and 24/08) • Obligatory evacuation of inhabitants at risk (24/08 and 25/08) • Removing floating trees (25/08 and 26/08) • Return of houses/appartments to the inhabitants (27/08) • Clearing-up flooded area (28/08/ till 31/08) • Beginning of reconstruction (01/09) Rudolf Wyder

  42. Impressions of flooded city of Berne Please look at the DVD „Land unter!“ Rudolf Wyder

  43. Firebrigade Bern: professional fire brigade and volunteer fire batallion volunteer fire brigades from 10 neighbouring communes Forces brought into action (Berne) Civilprotectioncorps Berne and 3 neighbouring communes ArmedForces 1 rescue platoon from rapid reaction rescue company 1 company from mechanized artillery batallion 1 company from signals batallion1 motor boat platoon Para-medics Ambulance service city of Berne Rescue helicopters(NGO) Private river rafting companyvolunteer care teams Police City of Berne Police Departmentprivate Security company (surveillance of flooded area) Rudolf Wyder

  44. Information (22/08 till 29/08) • Phone service for worried people (day and night) • Information by local radio station and internet (www.matte.ch) • Information sheets (8) • Information point at „Läuferplatz“ • Direct contacts with quarter associations 1) Habitants affected by the flood 2) Mass media • regular communiqués from CM staff (20) • Media conferences (4) • visits to the crisis area (4) Rudolf Wyder

  45. Specific difficulties (Brienz and Berne) • concrete weather forecast (local needs) • unusual rapid rise of water levels • transition from normal to special strategic situation (cantonal office for water affairs) • regional CPC (lack of communal autonomy) • evacuation of reluctant/unruly inhabitants • floating trees (difficult removal) Rudolf Wyder

  46. August 2005 floods: damage and insurance contributions (Switzerland) • five persons killed • Damaged buildings: about 1 billion SFR • Damaged household goods: about 0,9 billion SFR • Damaged public infrastructure: about 0,55 billion SFR Rudolf Wyder

  47. Dangerous moments (1) • Dangerous situations arose in connexion with: • evacuation of inhabitants at risk (by motor and by helicopter) • removal of floating trees (by crane, motorboat and helicopter) • attempts to deepen the beds of streams and rivers • Look at the following example. Rudolf Wyder

  48. Dangerous moments (2) An excavator rolls into the Reuss river to deepen the bed of the river, which has started to flood a nearby village. Rudolf Wyder

  49. Dangerous moments (3) The pilote starts to deepen the bed of the Reuss stream. Rudolf Wyder

  50. Dangerous moments (4) The ecavator gets into deeper water and the cabin is going to be flooded. The pilote asks for help by giving signs. Rudolf Wyder

More Related