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EARLY 1900s – THE AFTERMATH OF WWI

EARLY 1900s – THE AFTERMATH OF WWI. INTRODUCTION:. After WWI, new nations were formed Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia were created Serbia was combined with parts of Austria-Hungary to create Yugoslavia

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EARLY 1900s – THE AFTERMATH OF WWI

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  1. EARLY 1900s – THE AFTERMATH OF WWI

  2. INTRODUCTION: • After WWI, new nations were formed • Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia were created • Serbia was combined with parts of Austria-Hungary to create Yugoslavia • German colonies were given to Britain or France as Mandates (territories ruled like colonies, but subject to the supervision of the League of Nations)

  3. LEAGUE OF NATIONS • PURPOSE – to promote disarmament and prevent war • Had no military force of its own – depended on the help of member states • Consisted of a Council, representing the Great Powers, and an Assembly in which all member states were represented. • Created a Court of International Justice

  4. WWI AND THE MIDDLE EAST • The end of the Ottoman Empire • Armenian massacres • Armenian Christians lived in the Ottoman Empire, and some sought an independent Armenian state • Political leaders, educators, writers, and clergy were jailed and then hanged or shot. • Over a million men, women, and children were sent on death marches, used in firing squads, and burned, drowned, poisoned and drugged

  5. Continued… • After the war, Allies took away Turkish possessions (Arabia, Syria, and Palestine • In 1919, these areas were divided between Britain and France as mandates (Egypt and Arabia gained independence in 1922-1924) • Ataturk (Mustafa Kemal), organized a resistance to Allied attempts to break up Turkey

  6. RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR • Millions of acres of land were given to poor peasants • Workers took control of factories and industries were nationalized (taken over by the gov’t.) • Supporters of Lenin’s program (Reds) fought those who wanted to return rule to the Tsar (Whites) • Several foreign powers intervened by sending troops to help the “Whites” • The Red army executed the Tsar and his family • After 2 years, the communists won

  7. INDIAN INDEPENDENCE • Indian National Congress pushed for full independence • Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma) led a movement of non-violence to achieve independence • Jawaharlal Nehru also led a more secular, modern, and Western movement

  8. THE GREAT FLU EPIDEMIC • Began in 1918 • Spread quickly throughout Europe and the U.S. • Called the Spanish flu, it was swift and deadly (many died within a day of being infected) • An estimated 22 million people died between 1918 and 1919 (more than twice the number killed in WWI)

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