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Simple Machines

Simple Machines. Simple machines are basic machines that are the basis for all other forms of machines. There are six types of simple machines: 1. Simple Lever 2. Pulley 3. Wheel and Axle 4. Inclined Plane 5. Wedge 6. Screw. Simple Machines. Simple machines are divided into 2 families

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Simple Machines

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  1. Simple Machines • Simple machines are basic machines that are the basis for all other forms of machines. • There are six types of simple machines: • 1. Simple Lever • 2. Pulley • 3. Wheel and Axle • 4. Inclined Plane • 5. Wedge • 6. Screw

  2. Simple Machines • Simple machines are divided into 2 families • Lever Family • Simple Lever • Pulley • Wheel and Axle • Inclined Plane Family • Simple Inclined Plane • Wedge • Screw

  3. The Lever Family • All levers have a rigid arm that turns around a point called the fulcrum. • Levers are divided into three classes depending on the location of the fulcrum, input force, and output force.

  4. First Class Levers • The fulcrum is located between the points of application of the input and output forces. • Example- Claw Hammer

  5. Second Class Levers • The fulcrum is at one end of the arm, and the input force is applied at the other end. • Example- Wheelbarrow

  6. Third Class Levers • The fulcrum is located at one end of the arm, and the output is found at the other end. • Example- Biceps

  7. Pulleys • Pulleys are levers. The middle of the pulley is the fulcrum. The rest of the pulley acts like a first class lever.

  8. Wheel and Axle • The steering wheel of a car is a lever. It’s made of a pulley (wheel) attached to a shaft (axle).

  9. Inclined Plane Family • Pushing an object up an inclined plane requires less input force than lifting the same object does. • Pushing an object up a long gradual ramp requires less force than pushing up a short steep ramp.

  10. Wedge • A wedge turns a downward force into two forces directed out to the sides. • An ax blade or a wedge pushes through and breaks apart the wood.

  11. Screw • A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. • Tightening a screw with threads requires small force to act over a long distance.

  12. Compound Machines • A machine that uses more than one simple machine. • A pair of scissors uses 2 first class levers joined at a fulcrum. Each arm has a wedge that cuts the paper.

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