STANDARD WHII.2a

1. STANDARD WHII.2a The student will demonstrate an understanding of the political, cultural, and economic conditions in the world about 1500 a.d. by a) locating major states and empires. b) describing artistic, literary, and intellectual ideas of the Renaissance. c) describing the distribution of major religions. d) analyzing major trade patterns. e) citing major technological and scientific exchanges in the Eastern Hemisphere.

2. STANDARD WHII.2a • Location of some of the major states and empires in the Eastern Hemisphere: • England • France • Spain • Russia • Ottoman Empire • Persia • China • Mughal India • Songhai Empire

3. Russia England France Spain Ottoman Empire

4. Persia China Mughal India

6. Mughal India

7. STANDARD WHII.2a • Location of major states and empires in the Western Hemisphere • Incan Empire • Mayan Empire • Aztec Empire

8. STANDARD WHII.2b • Renaissance (1350-1600) • “Rebirth” of classical knowledge, “birth” of the modern world • Rebirth of the study of Greek and Roman culture • Rebirth in education (secular) • Spread of the Renaissance from the Italian city states to northern Europe • Starts out in Sothern Italy and works it way north through trade

9. STANDARD WHII.2b • Contributions of the Renaissance • Accomplishments in the visual arts—Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci • Accomplishments in literature (sonnets, plays, essays)—Shakespeare • Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet,Macbeth • Accomplishments in intellectual ideas (humanism)—Erasmus Erasmus lived through the Reformation period and he consistently criticized some contemporary popular Christian beliefs. In relation to clerical abuses in the Church, Erasmus remained committed to reforming the Church from within. -is an approach in study, philosophy, or practice that focuses on human values and concerns.

10. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • R. Rebirth of Greek & Roman classic culture • Classics – ideas of ancient Rome & Greece

11. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • E.Established in Italian city-states • Strategically located • ALL trade between Asia, Europe & Africa • Merchants became very wealthy – art patrons • New banking practices • Credit / checking accounts • Why not carry cash?

12. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • B. Birth of the “modern” world • Less superstition • Education, literature encouraged • Sports, art, music important • Study of history & science

13. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • I. Italian Artists – Michelangelo & Leonardo Da Vinci • invented new style of painting based on perspective • Called the “Renaissance Man” (scientist, inventor, etc.) • painted ceiling of Sistine Chapel • Sculpted David

14. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. Renaissance spreads from Italy Northern Europe • How do ideas spread? • Invention of the printing press by Gutenberg (1440)

15. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • TTheater – Shakespeare wrote plays & sonnets • Shakespeare – best know English playwright • Romeo & Juliet • Macbeth • Hamlet • Other accomplishments in literature • Machiavelli – The Prince • Guidelines for obtaining & maintaining absolute power

16. Renaissance: R.E.B.I.R.T.H. • Humanism • driving philosophy of the Renaissance • Emphasis on the “secular world,” not “afterlife” • Individual has importance • Questioning spirit • Drew inspiration from classical civilizations • Greco-Roman • Erasmus • Dutch humanist • Wrote The Praise of Folly • Made fun of church practices

17. Renaissance Art • Lifelike • looked realistic; artists studied the body • Perspective • had depth; 3D • Emotion • revealed artist’s feelings • Sometimes secular • (non-religious) Use the next few slides to complete your visual guide.

18. Sistine Chapel Vatican City Michelangelo

20. David Michelangelo

21. La Pieta Michelangelo

22. Man is the Measure Leonardo Da Vinci Man is the Measure Leonardo Da Vinci

23. The Last Supper Leonardo Da Vinci

24. Mona Lisa Leonardo Da Vinci

25. Shakespearean Theater

26. The Praise of Folly Erasmus

28. STANDARD WHII.2c • Location and importance of world religions in 1500 a.d. • Judaism—Concentrated in Europe and the Middle East • Christianity—Concentrated in Europe and the Middle East • Islam—Parts of Asia, Africa, and southern Europe • Hinduism—India and part of Southeast Asia • Buddhism—East and Southeast Asia

29. Essential Understandings • By 1500 a.d., major states and empires had developed in various regions of the world. • New intellectual and artistic ideas that developed during the Renaissance marked the beginning of the modern world. • By 1500 a.d., the five world religions had spread to many areas of the Eastern Hemisphere.

30. STANDARD WHII.2d • Traditional trade patterns linking Europe with Asia and Africa • Silk roads across Asia to the Mediterranean basin • Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean • Trans-Saharan routes across North Africa • Northern European links with the Black Sea • Western European sea and river trade • South China Sea and lands of Southeast Asia • Importance of trade patterns • Exchange of products and ideas

32. STANDARD WHII.2e • Advancements exchanged along trade routes • Paper, compass, silk, porcelain (China) • Textiles, numeral system (India and Middle East) • Scientific transfer—Medicine, astronomy, mathematics

33. Essential Understandings • By 1500, regional trade patterns had developed that linked Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Europe. • By 1500 a.d., technological and scientific advancements had been exchanged among cultures of the world

34. What were the artistic, literary, and intellectual ideas of the Renaissance? On the world political map, where were some of the major states and empires located around 1500 a.d.? What technological and scientific advancements had been made and exchanged by 1500 a.d.? STANDARD WHII.2 Where were the five world religions located around 1500 a.d.? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What were the regional trading patterns around 1500 a.d.? Why were the regional trading patterns important?